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International Journal of Bioprinting                         Precise fabrication of engineered vascular networks



































































            Figure 4. Vasculature density effect on swelling compensation. (A) Designed vasculature patterns with different densities. (B) Images of P/G  hydrogel
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            constructs with different vasculature densities at different shrinking time points. (C, D, and E) Diameter of printed sacrificial F-127 fibers and vasculature
            at different shrinking time points for P/G , P/G , and P/G  hydrogel constructs, respectively. (F, G, and H) Shrinkage ratio of P/G , P/G , and P/G  hydrogel
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            scaffolds with different vasculature densities, respectively. n = 3 for each group.
            in Figures S3 and S4 (Supplementary File). The diameter   scaffolds was computed and is shown in  Figure 4F–H,
            of the fibers in sacrificial templates and the vasculature in   respectively. The results showed that the vasculature with
            P/G , P/G , and P/G  hydrogel scaffolds before and after   different densities has the same trend of swelling and
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            shrinking were recorded in  Figure 4C–E, respectively.   volume shrinkage behaviors. Specifically, the diameter
            The shrinkage ratio of P/G , P/G , and P/G  hydrogel   of the vasculature after shrinking for 2 h decreased upon
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            Volume 9 Issue 5 (2023)                         43                         https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.749
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