Page 337 - IJB-9-6

International Journal of Bioprinting 3D printing and bioprinting in urology

Figure 3. The number of publications with “3D printing” and “urology” (A) and “bioprinting” and “urology” (B) as the topic subject (TS) terms in the
Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) database of Web of Science Core Collection between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022.

Figure 4. Design and fabrication workflow for 3D printing (Designed with macrovector/Freepik).

The difference between these two technologies is that MJ powdered granular material for 3D printing. The difference
executes 3D printing by spraying droplet materials (e.g., between these two technologies (SLS and SLM) is the
liquid polymer or metal materials) and then crosslinking laser power used. SLS mainly heats and melts polymer
them with UV light for polymers or cooling them at materials with low melting point, which are used as binder
room temperature for metal materials (Figure 5E), while to paste ceramic or metal materials (Figure 5G), while
BJ executes 3D printing by spraying binder on a bed of SLM uses high power laser to completely melt polymer or
granular powder by bonding the particles (Figure 5F). A metal materials at high temperatures, resulting in higher
prominent representative of MJ technology is Stratasys, precision and better mechanical properties, but consuming
which has developed a variety of inkjet 3D printers more energy and reducing processing speed (Figure 5H).
(e.g., J750 DAP, J8 Series ) that can handle multiple
TM
TM
transparent or opaque materials for high-fidelity processing In summary, each 3D printing technology has unique
3D models. The technologies that use powder bed fusion characteristics and specialized applications, and applicable
(PBF) are SLS (Figure 5G) and SLM (Figure 5H), which, materials vary from method to method, as shown in Figure 5
unlike BJ, employ a laser to selectively heat-specific areas of and summarized in Table 2. Notably, 3D printing has been

Volume 9 Issue 6 (2023) 329 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.0969