Page 48 - ITPS-7-1

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Anticancer activity of cyanobacteria

Figure 4. Chemical structure of cocosamides, aurilide B, largazole, coibamide A, dolastatin 10, symplostatin 1, caylobolide, swinholide A, bartolosides,
bisebromoamides, carmaphycin A, and carmaphycin B.

concentration [LC ] of 40 and 130 nM) and Neuro-2a 3.1.5. Coibamide A
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mouse neuroblastoma cells (LC of 10 and 50 nM), Coibamide, a cyclic depsipeptides cyanotoxin derived
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respectively [9,26,27] .
from Leptolyngbya sp., has been found to have a significant
3.1.4. Largazole impact on various types of cancer cells. In a dose-
dependent manner, coibamide increases the percentage
Isolated from Symploca spp., Largazole (Figure 4) is a potent of NCI-H460 cells and mouse Neuro-2a cells in the sub-
histone deacetylase inhibitor. These compounds showed G1 population. In addition, it has been demonstrated
anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines such as to arrest the cell cycle of NCI-H460, Neuro-2a cells
HCT-116 (GI = 80 nM), MDA-MB-231 (GI = 7.7 nM), (LC = 23 nM), MDA-MB-231, melanoma LOX IMVI,
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HT-29 (GI = 12 nM), U-2 OS (GI = 55 nM), SK-OV-3 NCI-60 (GI between 0.4 and 7.6 nM), astrocytoma
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(IC5 = 250 nM), IMR-32 (GI = 16 nM), A549 SNB75, and leukemia HL-60 in the G1 phase.
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0
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(GI = 320 nM), HeLa (IC = 170 nM), Eca-109 (IC = 100
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nM), Bel 7402 (IC = 170 nM), U937 (IC = 20 nM), 797 The anticancer effect of coibamide A (Figure 4) is
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(IC = 24 nM), 10326 (IC = 25 nM), PC3 (IC ≤ 500 nM), distinctly mediated through the activation of caspase 3
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LNCap (IC ≤ 500 nM), panel of melanoma cell lines (in SF-295 cells) to induce apoptosis or the activation
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(IC = 45-315 nM), NCI-H1975 (IC = 83 nM), NCI-H460 of autophagy via an mTOR-independent mechanism
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(IC = 120 nM), GLC-82 (IC = 190 nM), L78 (IC = 570 nM), (in U87-MG cells). It also prevents autophagosome-
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SPC-A1 (IC = 140 nM), 95D (IC = 420nM), NCI- lysosome binding in MDA-MB-231 cells through protein
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H466 (IC = 520 nM), SW620 (IC = 26.5 nM), glycosylation modification-lysosome membrane (LAMP1
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MiaPaCa (IC = 206.4 nM), SH-SY5Y (IC = 102 nM), and LAMP2). Moreover, it reduces VEGFR2 expression and
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SF-268 (IC = 62 nM), and SF-295 (IC = 68 nM). This inhibits VEGF-A secretion in MDA-MB-231 and U87-MG
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compound suppresses cancer probably by virtue of its cells. Coibamide A also decreases the expression of human
ability to modulate cell cycle and antagonize AKT, KRAS, epidermal growth factor receptor receptor in non-small cell
and HIF [19,28] . lung and breast cancer cells. The effectiveness of coibamide
Volume 7 Issue 1 (2024) 5 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.1388