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INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Anticancer activity of cyanobacteria

Figure 5. Chemical structure of anaenamide A, anaenamide B, almiramide D, microcolins, laxaphycins, hectochlorin, and lyngbyabellin A.

They also showed similar effects on HeLa cells, with an including NCI-H 187, B lymphocyte CA46, and human
IC of 17 μM, and on other cells such as A549, HT-29, and mouth epithelial KB cells, with IC values of 1.2, 0.02, and
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PC3, with IC ranging from 18 to 107 μM . 0.86 μM, respectively . It has also been found to display
[46]
[50]
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high cytotoxicity to melanoma, colon, and kidney cancer
3.7.2. Microcolins cell lines, with a GI of 5.1 μM . The previous studies
[51]
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Microcolins (Figure 5) are new linear lipopeptides, which also reported that hectochlorins are cytotoxic against NCI-
are isolated from L. polychroa and M. producens. These H187 and KB cell lines, with IC values of 0.32 and 0.31
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lipopeptides have demonstrated powerful cytotoxicity μM, respectively [50-52] .
against NCI-H460, with IC ranging between 6 nM to
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1 μM . In addition, microcolins A and B, along with 3.8.2. Laxaphycins
[47]
deacetylmicrocolin B, have shown cytotoxicity against Laxaphycins (Figure 5) are cyclic-lipopeptides that are
IMR-32 and HT-29, with IC between 0.28 and 14 nM [47,48] . isolated from marine cyanobacterium Hormothamnion
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enteromorphoides. Laxaphycin B4 demonstrated cytotoxic
3.7.3. Wenchangamides effects against HCT116 cells with an IC of 1.7 μM .
[53]
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Wenchangamide A is a lipopeptide recently discovered Laxaphycin A2, on the other hand, showed low cytotoxicity
from the filamentous Neolyngbya sp. This compound has with an IC of 2 μM [53,54] .
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been found to have anticancer properties against HCT-116,
with an IC of 38 μM . It works by either arresting 3.9. Peptolides
[49]
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the cell cycle at the G2/M phase or inducing apoptosis. 3.9.1. Lyngbyabellins
Importantly, wenchangamide A does not have any toxic Lyngbyabellins represent a group of cyclic depsipeptides
effects on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), and lipopeptides containing dichlorinated polyketide-
indicating that it specifically targets cancer cells .
[49]
derived moiety. Lyngbyabellins are isolated from
3.8. Cyclic lipopeptides L. bouillonii and L. majuscula. One of these compounds,
lyngbyabellin A (Figure 5), showed moderate anticancer
3.8.1. Hectochlorins activity against KB and LoVo cell lines, with IC values of
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[28]
Hectochlorins (Figure 5) are cyclic lipopeptides isolated 0.03 μg/mL and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively . However, in vivo
from M. producens. Hectochlorins demonstrated potent studies have revealed that lyngbyabellin A is toxic to mice
cytotoxic activity against various types of cancer cells, at concentrations between 0.01 and 5.0 μg/mL [55,56] . On
Volume 7 Issue 1 (2024) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.1388