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Journal of Chinese
            Architecture and Urbanism                                         Non-equilibrium territorial space use in PRD































                       Figure 2. Urban economic benefit of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, 2019. Source: Drawing by the authors





























                     Figure 3. Coupling coordination degree of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, 2019. Source: Drawing by the authors

            provincial capital, Guangzhou, exhibits the highest balance   cities, six are in a state of overdevelopment, with Shenzhen
            between these two aspects. When comparing inputs and   and Zhongshan experiencing severe overdevelopment.
            outputs, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are characterized   The remaining three cities are underdeveloped, among
            as having lagging inputs, while the remaining cities   which Jiangmen and Huizhou are in a state of severe
            are categorized as having lagging outputs. To maintain   underdevelopment. It is advisable to reference the land
            coordinated development, adjustments should be made   development limits set by each province and city. For
            to align inputs and outputs for different cities, effectively   cities experiencing severe overdevelopment, emphasis
            controlling the intensity of land development and   should be placed on improving urban land supply
            enhancing the economic output efficiency of land.  capacity, controlling the scale of construction land, and
              The land development balance in the Pearl River Delta   exploring the redevelopment of existing land. For severely
            urban agglomeration exhibits extremes. Among the nine   underdeveloped cities, construction land indicators should


            Volume 7 Issue 1 (2025)                         9                        https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.3720
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