Page 72 - JCTR-9-4

Journal of Clinical and Translational Research 2023; 9(4): 282-289

Journal of Clinical and Translational Research

Journal homepage: http://www.jctres.com/en/home

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Histopathological findings in celiac disease patients enrolled for duodenal

biopsy in Najran, Saudi Arabia: a 5-year retrospective study

Supplementary File

Table S1. Checklist for bias assessment
Major components Response options
The Appraisal tool for Cross‑Sectional Studies (AXIS tool; last introduced on December 8, 2016)
Introduction
1. Were the aims/objectives of the study clear? Yes No Do not know/comment
Methods
2. Was the study design appropriate for the stated aim (s)? Yes No Do not know/comment
3. Was the sample size justified? Yes No Do not know/comment
4. Was the target/reference population clearly defined? (Is it clear who the Yes No Do not know/comment
research was about?)
5. Was the sample frame taken from an appropriate population base Yes No Do not know/comment
so that it closely represented the target/reference population under
investigation?
6. Was the selection process likely to select subjects/participants that were Yes No Do not know/comment
representative of the target/reference population under investigation? Not applicable
7. Were measures undertaken to address and categorise non‑responders? Yes No Do not know/comment
Not applicable
8. Were the risk factor and outcome variables measured appropriate to the Yes No Do not know/comment
aims of the study? Not applicable
9. Were the risk factor and outcome variables measured correctly using Yes No Do not know/comment
instruments/measurements that had been trialed, piloted or published Not applicable
previously?
10. Is it clear what was used to determined statistical significance and/or Yes No Do not know/comment
precision estimates? (e.g., P values, CIs)
11. Were the methods (including statistical methods) sufficiently Yes No Do not know/comment
described to enable them to be repeated?
Results
12. Were the basic data adequately described? Yes No Do not know/comment
13. Does the response rate raise concerns about non‑response bias? Not Yes No Do not know/comment
applicable
14. If appropriate, was information about non‑responders described? Not Yes No Do not know/comment
applicable
15. Were the results internally consistent? Yes No Do not know/comment
16. Were the results for the analyses described in the methods, presented? Yes No Do not know/comment

(Contd...)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202304.22-00189