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Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing                                Cylindrical path planning for AM


            13.5%, which are the expected strengths for the AISI 4340   Writing  – original draft:  Audelia  Gumarus  Dharmawan
            steel material. [21]                                  and Gim Song Soh
            5. Conclusion                                      Writing – review and editing: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan
                                                                  and Gim Song Soh
            This paper describes and explores an approach to perform
            cylindrical path planning for AM of revolved components   References
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            polar  data  structure.  This has  the  advantage  of  reduced   based reinforcement learning and correction framework for
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            tensile tests were also conducted and reported to validate the   additive manufacturing. Mater Sci Technol, 32: 641–647.
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            results showed that our proposed approach can print close   4.   He T, Yu S, Shi Y,  et al., 2020, Forming and mechanical
            to the part net shape with an error variation of between   properties of wire arc additive manufacture for marine
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            investigation on the effect of the different generated print      https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.01.053
            patterns on the quality and efficiency of the print, as well as   5.   Dharmawan AG, Xiong Y, Foong S, et al., 2019, Development
            enhancing the accuracy of the generated tool path printed   of an automated and adaptive system for robotic hybrid-
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                                                                  of the IFToMM International Symposium on Robotics and
            Funding                                               Mechatronics (ISRM 2019). p323–333.
            The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial   6.   Dai F, Zhang H, Li R, 2020, Process planning based on
            support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of   cylindrical or conical surfaces for five-axis wire and arc
            this article: This work was supported by NAMIC Project   additive manufacturing. Rapid Prototyp J, 26: 1405–1420.
            ID 2017071 and ASTAR Grant No. A19E1a0097.            https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-01-2020-0001

            Conflict of interest                               7.   Ya W, Hamilton K, 2017, On-demand spare parts for the
                                                                  marine industry with directed energy deposition: propeller
            The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with   use  case.  In:  Proceedings  of  the  International  Conference
            respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of   on Additive Manufacturing in Products and Applications
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            Author contributions                               8.   Dai F, Zhang S, Li R, et  al., 2022, Multiaxis wire and arc
                                                                  additive manufacturing for overhangs based on conical
            Conceptualization: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan and      substrates. Rapid Prototyp J, 28: 126–142.
               Gim Song Soh                                    9.   Zhang X, Cui W, Li W, et al., 2019, Effects of tool path in
            Funding acquisition: Gim Song Soh                     remanufacturing  cylindrical  components  by  laser  metal
                                                                  deposition. Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 100: 1607–1617.
            Investigation: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan and Gim      https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2786-z
               Song Soh
                                                               10.  Xiong Y, Park SI, Padmanathan S,  et al., 2019, Process
            Methodology: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan and Gim        planning for adaptive contour parallel toolpath in additive
               Song Soh                                           manufacturing with variable bead width. Int J Adv Manuf

            Software: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan                   Technol, 105: 4159–4170.
            Visualization: Audelia Gumarus Dharmawan and Gim      https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03954-1
               Song Soh                                        11.  Ding Y, Dwivedi R, Kovacevic R, 2017, Process planning for


            Volume 1 Issue 1 (2022)                         6                      https://doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i1.3
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