Page 58 - MSAM-2-2

Materials Science in

Additive Manufacturing

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Considerations about highly crystalline cellulose

microfiber additive from Eucalyptus grandis
for 3D-printing acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

filament

2†
Miguel Sanchez , Augusto G. Nobre *, Jose A. E. Martinez ,
1†
3
João F. Campanaro , and Vitor M. L. Vargas 4
4
1 Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
2 Department of Geosciences, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa
Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
3 Center for Advanced Research in Graphene Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, Mackenzie
Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4 Engineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

Abstract

The current work aimed to produce acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament
with cellulose microfibers additive for three-dimensional (3D)-printing and perform
initial mechanical characterizations. 3D printing is a Fourth Industrial Revolution
† These authors contributed equally
to this work. enabling technology aimed at smart production process. Cellulose is an organic
molecule extremely common in nature with potential application as materials
*Corresponding author:
Augusto G. Nobre reinforcement. Highly crystalline cellulose microfibers were extracted from certified
(augusto.nobre@ufsm.br) Eucalyptus grandis wood. E. grandis is a species native to Australia, but widely used
in reforestation initiatives on a global scale. Cellulose microfiber was inserted at
Citation: Sanchez M,
Nobre AG, Martinez JAE, et al., 0.5% in weight into commercial ABS to produce filaments for 3D printing. After the
2023, Considerations about highly production of pure ABS and ABS with microcellulose filaments, specimens were
crystalline cellulose microfiber printed using fused deposition modeling for traction, flexion, and impact tests, in
additive from Eucalyptus grandis for
3D-printing acrylonitrile butadiene addition to measuring the melt flow index. The results between the two materials were
styrene filament. Mater Sci Add compared, revealing that most of the mechanical properties were similar within the
Manuf, 2(2): 1000. limits of experimental errors, but the strain at break in the traction test was improved
https://doi.org/10.36922/msam.1000
in microfibers composite, in addition to an improvement in the elastic modulus and
Received: May 26, 2023 stress at break in flexion test. On melt flow index measurement, both materials were
Accepted: June 12, 2023 found to be considerably more fluid than the polymer from commercial producer
sources. This is an indication that the ABS degraded throughout the process, losing
Published Online: June 23, 2023
molar mass. However, our work demonstrated that it is possible to add highly
Copyright: © 2023 Author(s). crystalline cellulose microfibers to ABS to form filaments for 3D printing.
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution Keywords: Microfibers; Polymeric composites; Cellulose; Acid hydrolysis; Additive
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, manufacturing
provided the original work is
properly cited.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with 1. Introduction
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional The implementation of intelligent production processes is the main approach of
affiliations. the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). To achieve this goal, Industry 4.0

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2023) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/msam.1000