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Water quality of Bharatpur, Nepal
Escherichia coli - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 -
−
NO 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.440 0.459
NH 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.796 0.107 0.829 0.082
3−
PO 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.917* 0.028 0.970** 0.006 0.627 0.257 3− : Phosphate; P. correlation: Pearson correlation; Sig.: Significance; TDS: Total dissolved solids.
Cl − - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.817 0.091 0.945* 0.015 0.665 0.221 0.961** 0.009
Free CO 2 - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.944* 0.016 0.959** 0.010 0.985** 0.002 0.864 0.059 0.816 0.092
Table 6. Statistical table of correlations between various water quality parameters
Total alkalinity - - - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.990** 0.001 0.977** 0.004 0.917* 0.028 0.981** 0.003 0.799 0.105 0.880* 0.049
Total hardness - - - - - - 1.00 - 0.995** 0.000 0.994** 0.001 0.960** 0.010 0.943* 0.016 0.969** 0.007 0.846 0.071 0.847 0.070 Notes: *Significant correlation at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). **Significant correlation at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). High values (>0.5) are indicated in bold. − : Nitrate; PO 4
TDS - - - - 1.00 - 0.902* 0.036 0.902* 0.036 0.851 0.068 0.938* 0.018 0.735 0.157 0.806 0.099 0.613 0.272 0.928* 0.023
Conductivity - - 1.00 - 0.924* 0.025 0.990** 0.001 0.997** 0.000 0.980** 0.003 0.989** 0.001 0.891* 0.042 0.971** 0.006 0.764 0.133 0.911* 0.032 Abbreviations: Cl − : Chloride; CO 2 : Carbon dioxide; NH 3 : Ammonia; NO 3
pH 1.00 - 0.505 0.385 0.222 0.719 0.601 0.284 0.562 0.324 0.665 0.221 0.385 0.522 0.823 0.087 0.641 0.244 0.886* 0.045 Escherichia coli (colonies/100 mL) 0.117 0.851
Parameters pH P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) Conductivity (µS/cm) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) TDS (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) Total hardness (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) Total alkalinity (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) Free CO 2 (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) Cl− (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) 3− (mg/L) PO 4 P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) NH 3 (mg/L) P. correlation Sig. (2-tailed) − (mg/L) NO 3 P. correlation Sig. (2-
Volume 22 Issue 6 (2025) 159 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025120083
