Page 135 - {PDF Title}

Efficient energy management in microgrid
A B
Figure 4. Voltage profiles of a microgrid: (A) Without RER (B) With RER
Abbreviation: RER: Renewable energy resource.
Figure 5. Active power loss (kW)
Abbreviation: RERs: Renewable energy resources.
Figure 6. PV power profile
Abbreviation: PV: Photovoltaic.
Figure 7. Active power of wind profile
Abbreviation: WT: Wind turbine.
4.2. Microgrid REEM in a probabilistic scenario
In this work, a method for managing microgrid REEM,
Volume 22 Issue 1 (2025) 129
Figure 8. Objective function for MFOA, SFSN, and
ZOA
Abbreviations: MFOA: Moth-flame optimization
algorithm; SFSN: Stochastic fractal search network;
ZOA: Zebra optimization algorithm.
Figure 9. Forecasting of load profile under
probabilistic conditions
which includes wind speed, solar power, and energy
demand, is presented. Data on hourly energy demand,
sunlight, and wind speed from 3 years are available for
study. Wind speed, PV, and the heap profile are displayed
in Figures 9 and 10, respectively. Table 5 shows the
acquired ideal REEM results involving ZOA strategy
in both the situations when RERs are incorporated
and without even a trace of them. Without RERs, the
general expense, absolute energy (kWh), and the cost of
procurement energy from the substation are $3,557,500,
$145,688, and $3,548,780, respectively. Taking RERs
doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025050030