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CES on plastic pollution control

collection of ways that, through processes, products, and and material movement balances to increase resource
business practices, can reduce the total ecological effect utilization, reduce ecological implications, and lessen
of operational activities. This includes lowering power environmental protection costs.
use and waste; using green, sustainable technology; In a case study conducted by Latan et al., the results
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and establishing environmental management systems. revealed that factors such as organizational assets
Xie et al. described CES as a collection of voluntary (business ecological tactics, commitment from senior
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environmental strategies that reflect a company’s executives, and ecological incertitude) have a substantial
strategic capability. The three stages of environmental and beneficial impact on EMA implementation that
strategies include product stewardship, pollution could assist businesses to improve their environmental
prevention, and sustainable development as introduced sustainability. The findings of Papagiannakis et al.
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by Hart. 22 revealed an emergent perspective of environmental
Environmental measures for businesses usually strategy, in which skills that are gradually acquired in
include pollution avoidance and product stewardship. tandem with environmental results lead to an upgrade
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Pollution prevention aims to reduce waste and of environmental goals, hence initiating the feedback
emissions in company operations by emphasizing waste cycle. Findings from Fraj et al. showed that proactive
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management beyond control and toward prevention. environmental strategies and innovation improve
Preventing pollution drives protecting the natural company competitiveness. A study by Kraus et al.
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environment, while product stewardship broadens the provides a useful methodology for upper management
focus to cover every aspect of an operation’s supply of industrial firms and lawmakers to analyze the
network. Product stewardship legislation, which holds environmental outcomes achieved by managing
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corporations accountable for adverse environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR), ecological plans
impacts linked with their products’ entire lifespan, is of action, and innovative environmental practices.
being implemented around the world because companies Furthermore, it may help upper management in major
frequently overlook the costs borne by others until they industrial businesses build internal resources such as
are compelled by law to accept responsibility for them. CSR, environmental strategy, and green innovation to
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The prevention of pollution depends on environmentally improve environmental performance.
friendly innovations that are incorporated throughout
the process, decreasing the environmental impacts 2.2. Assessing plastic pollution: Ecological
during manufacturing while also cutting costs, potential consequences and environmental degradation
risks, and environmental dangers. 23 Plastics have become a key commodity globally because
CES enhances business commitment, proactive of their outstanding physical and chemical properties,
ecological conduct, and the company’s ecological and they have diverse uses in commercial and industrial
sustainability. Thus, a company’s achievement in products. On an international scale, large-scale fiber
establishing and implementing a corporate environmental and resin manufacturing has increased in response to
policy is primarily contingent on workers’ values and rising societal demand. However, the use of plastics has
behavior. Businesses’ environmental strategies often various severe ecological repercussions arising from
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represent how they may reduce negative impacts or their fabrication and inadequate waste management
improve ecosystem processes through sustainable practices. Plastic manufacturing was expected to reach
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goods and markets. Thus, green human resource 260 million metric tons globally in 2007. This prediction
management, the use of environmental management increased to 359 million tons in 2018 and 400.3 million
systems, and the reduction of energy consumption tons in 2022. Because they generally come as single-use
and waste will assist in mitigating the detrimental goods and packaging materials, nearly 50% of plastic
effects. An environmental strategy will direct business products fall under the disposable product category. 32
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policy toward the implementation of an environmental Inadequate plastic waste disposal procedures are
management system, which will incorporate EMA. causing problems for the environment and animals.
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According to Mokhtar et al., EMA is described as It poses a significant danger to conservation. South
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the discovery, allocation, creation, and use of physical Africa manages plastic garbage through recycling and
and monetary environmental information to assist landfilling, with landfills receiving the vast bulk of
corporate decision-making to promote long-term plastic rubbish. Although some of the plastic debris in
profitability. It is a collection of accounting procedures landfills is retrieved and repurposed, the rest remains
that use data from financial reporting, cost estimation, tainted. As a consequence, the overall price of recycling

Volume 22 Issue 1 (2025) 85 doi: 10.36922/ajwep.7089