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Global Health Econ Sustain

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake

in Kwara State, Nigeria: The role of public
health management professionals in driving

behavioral change

1
Olatunji M. Kolawole * , Isaac I. Aun 2 , Jeremiah I. Ogah 1 , Faith F. Folahan 1 ,
and Caroline F. Kolawole 3
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
2 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria

3 Health Services Clinic, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2, has been a global concern since the onset of the pandemic. Vaccination
has emerged as an effective intervention to prevent infection, alleviate severe clinical
symptoms, and reduce mortality rates. COVID-19 vaccines, approved by the World Health
Academic editor: Organization and other health regulatory bodies, have been administered worldwide,
Mihajlo Jakovljevic M.D. Ph.D. MAE including in Nigeria. However, vaccine hesitancy has hindered the widespread uptake
*Corresponding author: of the COVID-19 vaccine. This study, conducted between December 2021 and May
Olatunji M. Kolawole 2022, aimed to assess factors influencing COVID-19 uptake within public health-care
(omk@unilorin.edu.ng)
settings and the roles of health-care professionals in influencing vaccine uptake. A total
Citation: Kolawole, O.M., Aun, I.I., of 366 health workers from randomly selected primary health centers in the Ilorin
Ogah, J.I., Folahan, F.F., & metropolis participated in this study, responding to the Barrier Analysis questionnaire.
Kolawole, C.F. (2024). Determinants
of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Chi-square analysis was utilized to determine relationships between variables and
Kwara State, Nigeria: The role their significance. Our findings revealed trust in vaccines (100%), access to vaccination
of public health management centers (93.3%), health-care professionals’ recommendations (85.5%), and education
professionals in driving behavioral
change. Global Health Econ level (86.9%) as major determinants of vaccine uptake among health-care workers in
Sustain, 2(2): 2462. Ilorin, Kwara State. Other factors included religious belief (99.3%) and family approval
https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2462
(97.6%). In conclusion, education, vaccine safety perception, access to vaccination
Received: December 18, 2023 centers, family approval, and health-care workers’ recommendations are key factors
Accepted: March 26, 2024 influencing behavioral changes toward COVID-19 vaccine uptake among health-care
workers in Ilorin, Kwara State. The study recommends that public health agencies and
Published Online: May 28, 2024
the health ministry focus on these factors in policy formation to improve COVID-19
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). vaccine uptake in Kwara State and Nigeria as a whole.
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution Keywords: COVID-19; Vaccine; Vaccine uptake; Health-care professionals; Behavioral
License, permitting distribution, changes; Kwara State
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with 1. Introduction
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious respiratory viral disease caused
affiliations. by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), primarily

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2024) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2462