Page 134 - IJB-10-1

International Journal of Bioprinting Bioprinting organoids for toxicity testing

Figure 1. Bibliometric analyses of bioprinting.

improve therapeutic efficacy, and improve patients’ quality technology is constrained by some limitations. For
of life. example, to achieve high-precision extrusion molding, the
parameters of the printing equipment and bioinks need to
2. 3D bioprinting technology for multi- be carefully adjusted, which may require some technical
functional biomaterials expertise. In addition, the extrusion characteristics of
30
bioinks may vary from cell type to cell type, so further
2.1. Micro-extrusion-based bioprinting research is needed to optimize the printing parameters and
Micro-extrusion-based bioprinting is an important formulation of bioinks.
advance in the field of 3D bioprinting, enabling high-
precision tissue construction by controlling the extrusion A wide variety of materials for 3D bioprinting,
of bioinks at micro scale. It is able to precisely adjust how including natural polymers, synthetic polymers, and
25
cells and materials should be arranged, thus simulating the bioceramics, are available. 31-33 Natural polymers such as
structure of complex biological tissues. This technique can gelatin have good biocompatibility, but poor mechanical
not only be applied to the construction of pancreatic islets, properties. Synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid
but also provides new possibilities for the personalized have high strength and stability, but less-than-satisfactory
preparation of in vitro tumor models. Micro-extrusion- biocompatibility. Bioceramics such as hydroxyapatite have
26
based bioprinting technology has many advantages. 27,28 excellent biological activity, but the processing involved
First, with its high-precision printing capability, more is complex. Thus, to meet the requirements of specific
34
realistic tissue structures that can simulate the physiological tissue construction, materials should be selected in
environment at higher accuracy can be constructed. comprehensive consideration of their biocompatibility and
Second, the technology is compatible with a variety of mechanical properties as well as processing technology
bioinks, including cells, growth factors, and supporting (Table 1).
materials, providing greater flexibility for building tissues
with complex functions. In addition, micro-extrusion- 2.2. Inkjet bioprinting technology
based bioprinting can also allow for the directional Inkjet bioprinting technology, as an important branch of
arrangement of multiple cell types, simulating the multi- 3D bioprinting. Jets cells and biological materials precisely
level structure inside biological tissues. However, this to specific locations to achieve tissue construction in a way
29

Volume 10 Issue 1 (2024) 126 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1256