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International Journal of Bioprinting                               Liver printing: from structure to application







             142      143        165    166
              Bile duct channel chips enhanced  bile duct system formation and  liver-specific gene expression and   function  >4000 differentially expressed   genes in the 3D co-culture  model; cholangiocarcinoma  cells in the 3D model were more  sensitive to anti-tumor drugs  Printed liver tissue enhanced   ALB levels and supported  capillary network formation  Enhanced ALB secretion














              7 days   9 days    1 week  14 days

              0.03 × 0.1 × 1 mm   10 × 12 × 5 mm  Cubic hepatic   tissue construct   thickness: ~4 mm  6 × 6 mm












              HUVECs   HUVECs; RBE   cholangiocarcinoma   cells  HUVECs  HUVECs; NHDFs Abbreviations: 3DP-Hos, 3D-bioprinted hepatorganoids; ADSCs, adipose-derived stem cells; ALB, albumin; dECM, decellularized extracellular matrix; DLP, digital light processing; GelMA,  methacrylated gelatin; GMHA, glycidyl methacrylate-hyaluronic acid; HA, hyaluronic acid; HFFs, human foreskin fibroblasts; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; HUVECs, human




              HepaRG   HepG2     HepG2  HepG2        umbilical vein endothelial cells; NHDFs, normal human dermal fibroblasts; PEGDA, polyethylene glycol diacrylate; SLA, stereolithography; UV, ultraviolet.




                mentioned        33.7 ± 6.2 kPa  mentioned
              Not      <6 kPa           Not



              Temperature  UV light  Visible light (405   nm; 20 mW/  cm 2 )  Temperature;   CaCl 2 ; thrombin






              dECM; gelatin  Agarose; GelMA  GelMA  Shell: Alginate;   methylcellulose  Core: Collagen;   fibrin; gelatin






                                 Suspension-  based   bioprinting  Coaxial   printing






            Volume 10 Issue 5 (2024)                       138                                doi: 10.36922/ijb.3819
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