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International Journal of Bioprinting Bioprinted plasma biocarriers for MSC delivery

Furthermore, functionalizing hydrogels with molecular Author contributions
pools adds complexity to preclinical studies, making
omics and bioinformatics essential for understanding the Conceptualization: Cristina Del Amo, Isabel Andia, Miguel
Perez Garrastachu
biological processes they affect. In vitro evaluations face Formal analysis: Cristina del Amo, Ines Jaúregui,
challenges such as reduced model complexity, the lack of Isabel Andia
immune or inflammatory responses, and the inability to Investigation: Miguel Perez Garrastachu, Cristina Del Amo
replicate complex post-implantation events.
Methodology: Miguel Perez Garrastachu, Cristina Del Amo
5. Conclusion Writing – original draft: Isabel Andia, Cristina Del Amo
Writing – review & editing: Isabel Andia, Cristina Del Amo,
The study demonstrates that both PRP and FFP effectively Francisco J. Alvarez, Miguel Perez Gasrrastachu
enhance the proliferation and viability of BMSCs within Funding Acquisition: Francisco J. Alvarez, Isabel Andia
the GelMA biocarrier. In non-inflammatory conditions,
no significant differences in BMSC behavior were observed Ethics approval and consent to participate
between PRP and FFP (p = 0.550). However, under This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the
inflammatory conditions, both plasma types significantly Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional
altered cell behavior (p = 0.001). PRP and FFP both Review Board of Galdakao Hospital, Bizkaia, Spain (CEIC
activated 10 key signaling pathways, including those related no. CES-BIOEF 201907). Informed consent was obtained
to cell survival, neuroinflammation, and ECM turnover. from all subjects involved in this study.
PRP uniquely activated additional pathways, such as IL-
17, IL-6, and several GF signaling pathways. Consent for publication

Both plasma types significantly promoted angiogenesis Not applicable.
compared to the GelMA control (p < 0.001 for PRP; p =
0.002 for FFP), with FFP exhibiting a particularly strong Availability of data
effect under IL-1β treatment (p = 0.042). PRP specifically
activated TGF-β signaling in response to IL-1β (Z = 2.308; The data presented in this study are available on request
p = 1.02E-35), but a response was not observed with from the corresponding author.
TNF-α exposure.
References
These findings underscore the potential of plasma-
infused biocarriers in enhancing therapeutic efficacy, 1. Chen N, Fong DYT, Wong JYH. Health and economic
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doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50674
Acknowledgments 2. Ferrari AJ, Santomauro DF, Aali A, et al. Global incidence,
prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-
The authors would like to thank Javier Diez-Garcia and adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy
Maria Dolores Garcia-Vazquez from Microscopy and (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and
Cell Culture Facilities at the Biobizkaia Health Research territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a
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Funding doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00757-8
This work was supported by a collaborative fundamental 3. Skou ST, Poulsen E, Bricca A, et al. Benefits and harms
research grant from the Basque Government, Elkartek of interventions with surgery compared to interventions
Program (grant no. BIO4CURE kk-2022-000). Cristina without surgery for musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic
Del Amo and Inés Jaúregui are funded by PT20/00185 review with meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.
2022;52:312-344.
from ISCIII, and Miguel Perez-Garrastachu is funded by doi: 10.2519/jospt.2022.11075
the post-doctoral fellowship Margarita Salas.
4. Yin P, Jiang Y, Fang X, et al. Cell-based therapies for
Conflict of interest degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Adv Sci (Weinh).
2023; 10(21):e2207050.
The authors declare they have no competing interests. doi: 10.1002/advs.202207050

Volume 10 Issue 6 (2024) 314 doi: 10.36922/ijb.4426