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Nguyen, et al.
HUVEC vessel could not invade into the outer shell. The References
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The two-vasculature-embedded scaffold was formulated https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.06.026
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HUVECs’ behavior, especially angiogenic sprouting. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-0566-1
Our scaffold and device have the potential to apply for
vascular investigation, three-dimensional bioprinting, 7. Arakawa CK, Badeau BA, Zheng Y, et al., 2017, Multicellular
and drug discovery. Vascularized Engineered Tissues through User-Programmable
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Funding https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703156

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and 8. Duong VT, Dang TT, Nguyen T, et al., 2018, Cell Attachment
ICT, Republic of Korea (NRF-2020R1F1A1075779) on Inside-Outside Surface and Cell Encapsulation in Wall
and by the Practical technology development medical of Microscopic Tubular Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue-Like
microrobot Program (R&D Center for Practical Medical Formation. Hawaii, USA: EMBC.
Microrobot Platform, HI19C0642) funded by the Ministry
of Health and Welfare (MOHW, Republic of Korea) and https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513248
the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI, 9. Duong VT, Koo K, 2019, Over-Five-Millimeter Diameter
Republic of Korea), and supported by Korean Medical Alginate-Collagen Endothelialized Tubular Scaffold
Device Development Fund (KMDF PR 20210527 0006- Formation. Basel, Switzerland: MicroTAS.
2021-01), Republic of Korea. 10. Duong VT, Jong PK, Kim K, et al., 2018, Three-dimensional

Conflict of interest Bio-printing Technique: Trend and Potential for High Volume
Implantable Tissue Generation. Korean Soc Med Biomed
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Eng, 39:188–207.
Author contributions https://doi.org/10.9718/JBER.2018.39.5.188

K.K.I. guided and supervised the project. N.C.T. and D.V.T. 11. Koo KI, Lenshof A, Huong LT, et al., 2021, Acoustic Cell
designed and supervised the experiments. N.C.T, D.V.T, Patterning in Hydrogel for Three-Dimensional Cell Network
H.C.H., and K.K.I. conducted experiments and contributed Formation. Micromachines, 12:3.
intellectually to the scientific design of the project. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12010003

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