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3D-Printed Artificial Vertebral Body
3D-printed prosthesis and the autogenous vertebral
Preoperative KPS 60 20 (2) Case 2
endplate (Figure 3).

A 28-year-old female was referred to FUSCC due to the
left chest-back pain and numbness. She had previously
Neoadjuvant therapy in FUSCC None None prior. Post-operative pathology indicated neuroblastoma.
undergone posterior mediastinal tumor resection 2 years

The tumor, however, quickly recurred on the left sixth
rib. She, therefore, underwent a left sixth rib resection
1 year later at the same facility. Unfortunately, the tumor

T6 6 months ago (Figure 4A). She underwent neoadjuvant
Surgical history None Total en bloc spondylectomy for giant cell tumor of bone of L1 4 years ago quickly recurred again at T5 and metastasized to T4 and
chemotherapy (COVP regimen) and radiotherapy for
5 months in FUSCC. After tumor PR, we planned to
BMI: Body mass index; WBB: Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini; FUSCC: Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; KPS: Karnofsky performance score
en bloc resect T4 ~ 6 and design a 3D-printed artificial
Onset type Primary Failure of internal fixation vertebral body to reconstruct her spine (Figure 4B).
A final titanium alloy implant of the 3D-printed artificial
vertebral body was manufactured (Figure 4C). Post-
operative X-ray demonstrated excellent fit, stability,
classification outcome, moving all her limbs freely, without pain or
up period after surgery, the patient had an excellent
WBB Layers A~D, F / and alignment (Figure 4D). During a 15 month-follow-
Zones
local recurrence.
5~9
/
(3) Case 3
Location C1~2 T12~L2 A 28-year-old male was admitted to FUSCC due to
paralysis and myophagism of both lower extremities
for 3 months. He had a comorbidity of ankylosing
spondylitis. CT-based 3D imaging visually displayed a
T6 ~ 8 reticular tumor; X-ray showed increased thoracic
Diagnosis Osteosarcoma Secondary Kyphosis kyphosis (Cobb = 67.1°) (Figure 5A). We planned to en
bloc resect T6 ~ 8, adjust T1 ~ 5 alignment and design
a 3D-printed artificial vertebral body to reconstruct his
spine (Figure 5B). Surgery was successfully performed.
Post-operative pathology indicated aggressive angioma.
Symptoms and Signs Neck pain and limitation of motion; Numbness of both upper extremities Lower back pain and limitation of motion Post-operative X-ray demonstrated improved thoracic
curvature (Cobb = 45.8°) and stable artificial vertebral
body implant (Figure 5C). During a 14-month-follow-up
period after surgery, the patient was doing well, moving
BMI (Kg/m 2 ) 24.2 24.4 all limbs with recovered strength and without any pain or
local recurrence.

(4) Case 4

Sex Male Male A 53-year-old female was referred to FUSCC due to
chest-back pain. She had a previous surgery of gingival
squamous cell carcinoma 10 years ago. She underwent T9
(years)
Table 1. (Continued) Case number for spinal metastasis in another hospital. She was found
laminectomy 5 years ago and T9 vertebrectomy 4 years ago
Age
42
51
to have local recurrence at the T8 ~ 10 level 2 months ago
(Figure 6A). We planned to en bloc resect T8 ~ 10, with
reconstruction using a customized 3D-printed artificial
vertebral body (Figure 6B). Surgery was successfully
86 7 8 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 3