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International Journal of Bioprinting Methodology of hydrogel printability

5. Conclusions Supervision: Antonio Macías García
Writing – review & editing: Antonio Macías García, Juan
The characterization of hydrogels in bioprinting can Pablo Carrasco Amador
be expensive due to the high cost of the hydrogels and Funding acquisition: Alfonso Carlos Marcos Romero
the necessary analytical instruments. In addition, the Project administration: Alfonso Carlos Marcos Romero
cell inclusion process can also be costly and tedious
due to the high cost of the components to be used, the Ethics approval and consent to participate
complicated procedures prior to obtaining viable cultures
and the difficult conditions that must be maintained to Not applicable.
ensure cell survival. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out
studies before using the hydrogel in order to increase the Consent for publication
probability of success, both in terms of cell viability and Not applicable.
structural integrity.
After the adjustment of the temperature and pressure Availability of data
parameters, studies such as sessile drop method, filament Not applicable.
collapse test, quantitative evaluation of gelation state,
and printing grid test allow fast and simple evaluation of
the hydrogels to be loaded with cells, with low material References
waste.
1. Derby B, 2012, Printing and prototyping of tissues and
With these studies, the behavior of the hydrogels after scaffolds. Science, 338(6109):921–926.
the bioprinting process can be predicted to a large extent, https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.1226340
making it possible to discard those formulations that do
not perform well before carrying out the cell inclusion 2. Reddi AH, 2004, Morphogenesis and tissue engineering
of bone and cartilage: Inductive signals, stem cells, and
process. The proposed methodology saves time and money biomimetic biomaterials. Tissue Eng, 6(4):351–359.
in bioprinting research, bringing researchers closer to a
positive result. The development of this methodology for https://doi.org/10.1089/107632700418074
characterizing the printability of hydrogels in the area 3. Ghorbani F , Li D , Zhong Z, et al., 2021, Bioprinting a cell-
of bioprinting is not possible without the INMA group’s laden matrix for bone regeneration: A focused review. J Appl
experience in the analysis of hydrogels [14,32-35] . Polym Sci, 138(8):49888.
https://doi.org/10.1002/APP.49888
Acknowledgments
4. Li X, Cai J, Lois K, et al., 2022, Current trends in biomedical
We want to thank the European Regional Development hydrogels: From traditional crosslinking to plasma-assisted
Fund (ERDF) in the framework of the project synthesis. Polymers, 14(13):2560.
(BIOSIMPRO. IB20158) with the code 2021/00110/001 for https://doi.org/10.3390/POLYM14132560
funding this publication.
5. Naghieh S, Chen X, 2021, Printability—A key issue in
Funding extrusion-based bioprinting. J Pharm Anal, 11(5):564–579.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPHA.2021.02.001
This research has been funded by the European Regional
Development Fund (ERDF) in the framework of the project 6. Cha J, Kim P, 2017, Biomimetic strategies for the glioblastoma
(BIOSIMPRO. IB20158) with the code 2021/00110/001. microenvironment. Front Mater, 4:45.
https://doi.org/10.3389/FMATS.2017.00045/XML/NLM
Conflict of interest 7. Shokrani H, Shokrani A, Saeb MR, 2022, Methods for
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. biomaterials printing: A short review and perspective.
Methods, 206:1–7.
Author contributions https://doi.org/10.1016/J.YMETH.2022.07.016
Investigation: Jesús Manuel Rodríguez Rego, Laura 8. Jia L , Hua Y, Zeng J, et al., 2022, Bioprinting and regeneration
Mendoza Cerezo of auricular cartilage using a bioactive bioink based on
Methodology: Jesús Manuel Rodríguez Rego microporous photocrosslinkable acellular cartilage matrix.
Writing – original draft: Jesús Manuel Rodríguez Rego, Bioact Mater, 16:66–81.
Laura Mendoza Cerezo https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOACTMAT.2022.02.032

Volume 9 Issue 2 (2023) 289 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.667