Page 340 - IJB-9-2

International Journal of Bioprinting Characterization of BITC antibacterial hydrogel

in Alliaria petiolata, water cress, garden cress, and papaya hydrogel (BITC-XLKC-Gel) through physical crosslinking
seeds . It exerts a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities method to increase its comprehensive performance in this
[2]
against a range of pathogens, including Escherichia coli, study. Its mechanical and antibacterial properties were
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger . also studied. We found that BITC hydrogels had better
[3]
Among them, an excellent inhibitory effect was observed mechanical properties and excellent plasticity compared to
against S. aureus ATCC25923 and methicillin-resistant single colloid product. Most importantly, BITC-XLKC-Gel
S. aureus (MRSA) . BITC is a novel potential bacteriostatic exhibited excellent antibacterial properties against
[4]
agent against human infections . However, BTIC has S. aureus. In this study, the BITC-XLKC-Gel prepared by
[5]
strong volatility, diminishing its antibacterial activities and physical crosslinking method is a kind of safe, green, and
hindering its potential use . To solve this problem, some environment-friendly dressing. It reduces the volatilization
[6]
researchers have used cyclodextrin-coated hydrogels to of BITC and broadens the application space of BITC and
improve its use and increase the antibacterial function [7,8] . has a good application prospect.
Burns are responsible for more than 300,000 deaths 2. Materials and methods
annually worldwide and infection is a major cause of
morbidity and mortality in these patients . E. coli and 2.1. Materials and strains
[9]
S. aureus are among the most common pathogens of BITC was purchased from Yuanye Biology Co., Ltd.
burn infections . S. aureus causative agent is relatively (Shanghai, China). Food-grade XG, LBG, KG, and CA were
[10]
pathogenic to humans and is found on the skin and mucosa obtained from Qiansheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Hebei,
of up to 40% of all population. Burn injuries are infected China). All chemicals, such as potassium bromide, sodium
with S. aureus in 30% of cases . In addition, multidrug- chloride, ethanol, and so on, were of analytical grade.
[11]
resistant S. aureus has become a global public health E. coli (MG 1655), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), and MRSA
concern. MRSA was once considered the most potent were obtained from the China General Microbiological
pathogens in intensive care units and burns worldwide . Culture Collection Center (Beijing, China).
[12]
Bacterial infection after burn is the main cause of poor
wound healing, resulting in sepsis, disability, and even 2.2. Preparation of BITC hydrogels
death . At present, the mechanism of wound healing Deionized water was added with different concentrations
[13]
after burn is a dynamic and complex process, which relies of edible gel (Table 1). The mixture was heated and stirred
heavily on wound dressings; the wound is normally covered in a water bath of 70~90°C, then, 0.2%~0.8% BITC was
to prevent infection . Since the bacterial infection is the added to the above mixed solution, stirred, and left for
[14]
most common infection in wound dressings, the use of 20 min, and the BITC hydrogel was obtained by physical
antibiotics has become the main focus. However, bacterial crosslinking. All hydrogels were prepared in at 4°C and
drug resistance resulted from the abuse of antibiotics stored in a refrigerator.
has given rise to additional challenges . Therefore, it is
[15]
indispensable to explore safe, green, and environmentally 2.3. Rheological measurements
friendly wound dressings with good hydrophilic three- The rheological test was conducted using an MCR 301
dimensional (3D) porous structures, and biocompatibility rheometer (Anton Paar, Austria) following the method
and extracellular matrix (ECM) turn out to be the most described by Li et al. with slight modification. The elastic
[22]
competitive candidates for wound dressings and have modulus (G’) and viscous modulus (G’’) were measured
attracted the interest of many researchers [16,17] . at 25°C, taking 1 mL of the sample. For oscillatory
Traditional hydrogel dressings are usually prepared temperature scanning test, the test temperature range
through chemical reactions using chemical substances.
The disadvantage of these products is that they are often Table 1. Different proportions of compound water gel
non-biodegradable and carry certain safety risks . In formulations
[18]
recent years, xanthan gum (XG), locust bean gum (LBG), Hydrogels Xanthan Locust Konjac Carrageenan
konjac glucomannan (KG), and carrageenan (CA) are gum (%) bean gum glucomannan (%)
often used as edible gums for the preparation of edible (%) (%)
hydrogels [19-21] . However, a single edible gum may reduce X-Gel 2% / / /
the comprehensive mechanical properties of the hydrogel. XLC-Gel 0.05% 0.05% / 0.1%
To solve the problems of bioavailability of BITC and non- XLK-Gel 0.05% 0.05% 0.1% /
degradability and safety issues of conventional dressings,
we used XG, LBG, KG, and CA in combination as raw XLKC-Gel 0.05% 0.05% 0.1% 0.1%
materials to prepare 3D-printed safe natural composite C-Gel / / / 1%

Volume 9 Issue 2 (2023) 332 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.671