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International Journal of Bioprinting The biological properties of WE43 scaffolds via the oxidative heat strategy

Figure 4. Morphology of BMSCs under FESEM. More BMSCs adhered and grew in the OHS group than in the APS group, which did not show cell growth.

Figure 5. Osteogenic properties test. (A) The ALP activity of each group; (B) the gross and microscopic results of Alizarin Red staining. Mineralized nod-
ules are stained red with Alizarin Red. *P < 0.05 for comparison between two groups.

than the OHS group. The mineralized nodules that were marker protein were statistically significant. There was a
generated by extracellular calcium salt deposition were statistically significant difference in the expression levels
more common in the APS group and the OHS group than of the four proteins that were tested between the APS
they were in the control group. However, extracellular group and the control group. Except for RUNX2, there
calcium salt deposition was more noticeable in the APS were significant differences in expression level of the other
group than in the OHS group. three proteins between the OHS group the control group.
While there were no significant differences between the
3.8. Western blot analysis of osteogenic markers APS group and the OHS group in terms of COL1 and SP7,
As shown in Figure 6, among the cells of the three groups, there were significant differences between the two groups
the differences in the expression of each osteogenic in terms of RUNX2 and BMP2.

Volume 9 Issue 3 (2023) 99 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.686