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International Journal of Bioprinting Dual ions mixed GelMA for hair follicle regeneration

Figure 1. Synergistic effect of various concentration of ions on migration of different cells. (A) Typical images of HSFs treated with various concentration
of ions. (B) Quantitative analysis of scratch wound areas. (C) Typical images of HaCaTs treated with various concentration of ions. (D) Quantification of
scratch wound areas. (E) Typical images of HUVECs treated with ions. (F) Quantitative analysis of scratch wound areas. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001,
****P < 0.0001. N = 3 for each time point. All the analyses were performed with two-way ANOVA. Scale bar = 500 μm.

(86.77 ± 5.01%) is the highest among the groups and is migration area, while only one group with pure Si ions
significantly higher than the control group (63.94 ± 6.56%). had a statistical difference compared to the control group
These results revealed that Zn ions with Si ions possess (Figure 1C and D). The 1/32 Zn/Si group had the highest
great biocompatibility and can facilitate cell migration mean value. In the case of HUVECs, there was a similar
further, accelerating wound healing. Intriguingly, at 24 h tendency that the 1/32 Zn/Si group possesses the strongest
after treatment, there were four groups with significant effect on cell migration (Figure 1E and F). To determine
differences in Zn/Si solution, while only one group in Si the effect of ions on hair follicle in vitro, we employed
solution, which means the combination of Zn and Si ions dermal papilla (DP) cells to perform migration assay. After
is more efficient than pure Si ions. Wound healing and hair co-incubation for 12 h, all the groups had no significant
follicle regeneration are influenced not only by fibroblasts difference in migration area (Figure S1A and B). However,
but also by keratinocytes and endothelial cells [25-27] . at 24 h after treatment, 1/16 Si group and all Zn/Si groups
Therefore, we performed the scratch wound healing assay had larger migration area than the control group, which
with HaCaTs and HUVECs to investigate the synergistic indicates that Zn and Si ions have synergetic effect and
effects of ions on the cells. At 24 h after treatment, all can promote DP cell migration. The mean value of the
HaCaTs groups with Zn/Si ions significantly increased in 1/32 Zn/Si group is the biggest among the groups, which

Volume 9 Issue 3 (2023) 204 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.703