Page 146 - IJOCTA-15-1

N. Tekbıyık-Ersoy / IJOCTA, Vol.15, No.1, pp.137-154 (2025)
3. Renewable energy related trends in the installations were approximately half of those
T¨urkiye in 2016 (due to business cycles), T¨urkiye was
still among the global top 10 for new capacity.
Due to T¨urkiye’s geographical location, the coun- In 2018, T¨urkiye announced plans about holding
try has a large number of natural resources. The an auction for the world’s largest offshore wind
major renewable energy sources of T¨urkiye are farm (1.2 GW). However, later, it was postponed.
hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, geother- With the increasing awareness about wind energy,
mal energy, and biomass energy. The following in 2019, 7.4% of T¨urkiye’s electricity generation
subsections will provide an outline of the recent was accounted by wind energy. The country also
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trends for each one of these resources/technologies collaborated with Denmark to develop roadmaps
in T¨urkiye. and build technical capacity.

3.1. Geothermal energy
3.3. Solar energy
T¨urkiye was among the countries that led the
world in new geothermal power installations in T¨urkiye supports both solar thermal and solar
2016. The country added at least 10 new geother- photovoltaic (PV) technologies. However, the fo-
mal power plants in that year (which increased cus is more on solar thermal technologies. Ac-
the capacity by about 200 MW). In 2017, T¨urkiye cording to, 16 the solar thermal capacity in oper-
met 2.1% of its electricity demand from geother- ation at the end of 2015 (13.6 GWth) saved the
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mal power. T¨urkiye’s largest single installation country around 10% of its annual natural gas con-
ever was the first unit of Kizildere III, which sumption. The type and the amount of the in-
was also commissioned in 2017 (99.5 MW). Upon stallations differed based on the sector. For ex-
completion (early 2018), the plant became the ample, in 2016, the demand in residential sec-
largest geothermal power plant in the coun- tor accounted for 47% of new installations. This
try (165 MW). 16 relates this strong growth in amount kept increasing in the next year as almost
geothermal sector to supporting policies which 60% of new solar thermal capacity was installed
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were enacted more than a decade ago. T¨urkiye in new buildings in 2017. In that year, T¨urkiye’s
has built up more than 1 GW in six years (be- residential market was dominated by natural cir-
tween 2013 and 2018), and remained among the culation systems, whereas forced circulation sys-
globally leader countries for new installations in tems made up the majority of commercial instal-
2018 and in 2019. In 2018, 42% of the global lations in hospitals, hotels, and military bases.
geothermal power capacity additions were done in Unfortunately, the uncertainty about the national
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T¨urkiye. The majority of the geothermal power currency, and the domestic construction market,
plants in the country use binary-cycle technology. along with the decline in construction permits and
This technology has gained a considerable amount relatively high interest rates, slowed the market
of attention in recent years, due to rising use of growth rate in 2018. But even under those cir-
relatively low-temperature resources. cumstances, T¨urkiye ranked 3 rd in the World in
terms of solar water heating collector capacity. In
3.2. Wind energy
2019, new installations continued, and the main
Throughout the world, well designed renewable focus was on vacuum tube and flat plate collec-
energy policies contribute to the renewable energy tors.
development. It is a complex task to determine Although not as popular as solar thermal tech-
which policies should be adopted at which stages nologies, solar PV technologies has gained an
of RE development and for supporting which RE increasing attention, especially in the last five
technologies. The interested reader is referred years. In 2017, a record of almost 2.6 GW has
to 17 for more details about RE policies, as the been installed, more than doubling T¨urkiye’s to-
book provides a global look to the renewable en- tal PV capacity to 3.4 GW at the year’s end.
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ergy policies, including their descriptions, coun- According to, in 2018, the PV capacity addi-
try specific applications, and RE policies based on tions were down 37% relative to 2017, due to the
different sectors and different technologies. Just uncertainties about national support schemes, is-
like many other countries, policies had an impor- sues related with land acquisition and delays (as
tant role in supporting wind power in T¨urkiye. the project developers have been waiting for fur-
In 2016, the country included a premium of up ther cost reductions). Unfortunatenly, T¨urkiye’s
to 50% higher tariffs under the country’s wind annual installations continued to decline signifi-
power Feed-in-Tariff, if all turbine components cantly in the following year (2019), due to several
were made in the country. 16 In 2017, although factors. Some of these factors can be listed as
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