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Innovative Medicines & Omics Fermentation in dermatology

discovery prompted the creation of a mist lotion with N. in balancing the skin flora and relieving itching in skin
eutropha, currently available for purchase and has been prone to allergies and the condition. Consequently, body
demonstrated to improve the appearance and texture of washes and lotions containing V. filiformis cultures have
skin. E. faecalis is a type of lactic acid bacterium found been commercialized in the market. 84
in the intestines and is known to benefit human health. Another lactic acid bacterium, Streptococcus
Studies have demonstrated that the antibacterial peptides thermophilus, sometimes known as the cheese and yogurt
produced by E. faecalis possess antibacterial activity seed, was observed to elucidate positive effects on skin
against C. acnes, confirming its potential as an effective
new anti-inflammatory drug for acne. This has led to the health. An increase in ceramide levels was observed in
commercialization of E. faecalis in skincare cosmetics healthy individuals who were given creams containing S.
and other therapies, intended to reduce inflammation thermophilus. Ceramides are essential in maintaining the
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associated with acne. 81 barrier and moisture of a healthy SC. In addition, atopic
dermatitis patients who received topical treatment of S.
Vitreoscilla filiformis is a fungus present in hot thermophilus also demonstrated elevated ceramide levels
spring water and hydrothermal vents. The fungal extract in their skin, followed by improvements in erythema,
was observed to balance the skin’s immunological scaling, and pruritus. 86
homeostasis. According to a previous study, patients
with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis showed a L. paracasei, a lactic acid bacterium inhabiting the
reduction in the level of pruritus upon application of digestive tract and oral cavity, was reported to improve
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ointments containing V. filiformis twice daily to the site atopic dermatitis and benefit the skin. Furthermore,
of inflammation. Moreover, an extract of V. filiformis an investigation on the impact of Pueraria lobata extract
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cultured in Vasi Volcanic Mineral Water is known to fermented with L. paracasei on the skin’s immune response
fortify the skin against exposome attack, mend damaged revealed differential expression of seven skin-related proteins
skin, regenerate the skin barrier, and avoid photoaging and a moisturizing effect on the skin upon treatment. Hence,
through increased immunological response. The results L. paracasei can be used as a nutricosmetic resource for its
showed that V. filiformis is highly effective in repairing hydrating and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition,
damaged skin, reducing photoaging, and enhancing it has been discovered that L. paracasei produces the same
immunological function by restoring the skin barrier. antioxidant and bioactive peptides, which reduce wrinkles
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Moreover, clinical trials have proven the benefits of fungus and may be utilized as a more advantageous probiotic for

Table 3. Effects of microbiome metabolites on skin health
Microorganism Metabolite Effect on skin
Nitrosomonas eutropha Nitric oxide compounds Improves skin pigmentation and reduces wrinkle appearance by oxidizing
sweat-derived ammonia. 92
Enterococcus faecalis Antimicrobial peptides Effective against Cutibacterium acnes, leading to reduced acne and commercialization
of anti-acne treatments. 93
Vitreoscilla filiformis Unknown metabolites Reduces symptoms of atopic dermatitis and photoaging due to its anti-inflammatory
properties. 84
Streptococcus thermophilus Ceramide synthesis enhancement Increases ceramide levels, supporting skin barrier function and hydration. 94
Lactobacillus paracasei Unknown metabolites Improves immune response, reduces inflammation, and enhances skin barrier
function. 95
Lactobacillus rhamnosus Unknown metabolites Reduces inflammation and promotes skin barrier repair. 96
Bifidobacterium breve Polysaccharide A Modulates immune responses and enhances skin hydration by stimulating
T-regulatory cells. 97
Lactobacillus plantarum Lipoteichoic acid Reduces skin sensitivity, provides anti-inflammatory effects, and improves skin barrier
function. 98
Cutibacterium acnes Short-chain fatty acids Modulates skin pH and inhibits pathogenic bacteria, promoting a healthy skin
microbiome. 99
Staphylococcus epidermidis Phenol-soluble modulins Enhances skin defense mechanisms by promoting antimicrobial peptide production. 100
Lactobacillus reuteri Reuterin Displays antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens and promotes skin barrier
function. 101
Bacillus subtilis Surfactin Provides anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. 102

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2025) 29 doi: 10.36922/imo.5020