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11 INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences, 2023, Vol. 6, No. 1 Vishwakarma, et al.

Table 6. Effect of AEPO and metformin on liver and function of experimental rats
Experimental groups Serum creatinine Serum uric Serum urea Serum BUN
(mg/dL) acid (mg/dL) (mg/dL) (mg/dL)
Vehicle control 0.69±0.01 2.98±0.09 32.7±0.98 15.28±0.74
STZ-induced (diabetic) 1.11±0.07* 5.23±0.52* 85.5±0.81* 49.86±1.12*
Diabetic+metformin (500 mg/kg) 0.78±0.02* # 3.86±0.32* # 42.9±0.68* # 29.44±1.09* #
Diabetic+AEPO (100 mg/kg) 0.93±0.02* #$ 4.88±0.55* #$ 72.1±0.94* #$ 40.22±0.98* #$
Diabetic + AEPO (200 mg/kg) 0.81±0.04* # 3.90±0.87* # 63.0±0.84* #$ 32.52±0.85* #$
Values are mean±SEM for groups of three observations with their standard errors. BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; AEPO: Aqueous extract of
#
Pleurotus ostreatus; STZ: Streptozotocin. *P<0.05 versus control; P<0.05 versus STZ group; P<0.05 versus metformin group
$
STZ-induced diabetes in rats through assessment to diabetic control and metformin-treated animals.
of the antihyperglycemic mechanism. Significant fall in fasting blood sugar may be
The OGTT measures the body’s ability to use a attributed to the hypoglycemic potential of the
type of sugar, called glucose, that is the body’s main oyster mushroom supplement [31]. It was reported
source of energy. OGTT, a test of immense value that macrofungi significantly reduced blood
and sentiment, in favor of using fasting plasma glucose level in diabetic subjects. It helps in the
glucose concentration alone was seen as a practical reduction of plasma glucose concentrations up to
attempt to simplify and facilitate the diagnosis of 24.7% in diabetic animal tested [33]. Badole and
diabetes [28]. Badole and Bodhankar [29] reported Bodhankar [29] stated that a single administration of
that the combination treatment of aqueous extract aqueous extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius (500 mg/
of P. pulmonarius with acarbose produced a more kg) significantly reduced serum glucose level at 2, 4,
synergistic antihyperglycemic effect than either 6, and 24 h after administration. The macrofungi was
drug alone. They explained that in the OGTT, reported to significantly reduce the blood glucose
administration of glucose load (2.5 g/kg) increased level in diabetic subjects [33]. Agaricus bisporus
serum glucose levels significantly after 30 min in (white button mushroom) contains high levels of
alloxan-treated diabetic mice. In OGTT of the present dietary fibers and antioxidants including Vitamins
study, blood glucose concentration increases rapidly C, D, and B12, as well as folate and polyphenols
at 30 min. In the case of normal set, blood glucose that provide beneficial effects on cardiovascular and
returned to normal after 120 min. P. ostreatus was diabetic diseases. It helps in the reduction of plasma
found to be effective in controlling blood glucose glucose concentrations up to 24.7% in diabetic
level in OGTT study, and after 120 min of study, animal tested [33].
blood glucose level was found to be 200 mg/dL at Body weight was measured to confirm the
higher concentration (200 mg/kg) when compared effect of STZ on experimental animals. Rats
to glucose at 0 h which was 215 mg/dL. Lower of vehicle control were shown to be stable in
concentration (100 mg/kg) of P. ostreatus extract their body weight. Diabetic rats (STZ-induced)
was also effective in reducing blood glucose. showed decrease in body weight after 30 days of
Similar result was also reported by Cha et al. [30] treatment. STZ-mediated decrease (39%) in body
for Fomitopsis pinicola that showed a significant weight was significantly reversed by the AEPO
fall in fasting blood sugar and HbA1c, which may be administration in a dose-dependent manner. AEPO
attributed to the hypoglycemic potential of the oyster at 100 and 200 mg/kg dosage showed 22.7% and
mushroom supplementation [31]. The previous 18.8% decrease in body weight when compared
studies on diabetes revealed that oral administration against STZ-diabetic rats. On the other hand,
of macrofungal extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) there was 16.3% and 20.2% increment in body
or crude extract exhibits an excellent hypoglycemic weight at 100 and 200 mg/kg AEPO as compared
effect, lowering the average plasma glucose level to STZ-diabetic rats. P. ostreatus was effective in
in EPS-fed rats to 55.1% with enhanced glucose maintaining body weight of STZ-induced diabetic
tolerance [32]. In the present study, AEPO helped mice and mimic the activity of metformin. Badole
in the reduction of blood glucose when compared and Bodhankar [29] reported that the combination

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