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INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Plants immunoactivity: In silico study

Figure 2. A diagrammatic representation of the Compound-Target Network of the bioactives and the multiple myeloma-associated gene targets. Turquoise
boxes indicate the bioactives/compounds; cobalt blue boxes indicate the bioactive-multiple myeloma gene targets; black lines indicate the interactions
between the two components.

targets within active phytocompounds in the context of such as the cytosol, cell periphery, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic
multiple myeloma. vesicle, intracellular vesicle, and beyond.
The targets in GO terms associated with the regulation The immune system is known to be closely controlled
of diverse biological processes (GO: BP) were significantly by the precise coordination of many important signaling
enriched. These processes include cellular response to pathways. Deviations in the regulation of immune-related
chemical stimulus, response to organic substance, cell pathways can result in a variety of immunological disorders.
differentiation, cell proliferation, cell migration, immune To delve further, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was
response, regulation of programmed cell death, regulation employed (Figure 4). This pathway-level analysis of the
of immune system process, and more. active phytocompounds immune-related targets revealed
connections with at least 17 immune pathways and other
Similar enrichments were evident with the targets
in GO terms associated with molecular functions relevant pathways (Figure 3). These encompass, among
others, the PI3-AKT pathway, VEGFA pathway, JAK-STAT
(GO: MF). These functions include protein kinase activity, signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway.
phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor,
catalytic activity acting on a protein, enzyme binding and 3.9. Hub gene targets and molecular docking
more. simulation
The significant enrichment of the targets in GO terms The top 10 hub genes from the top 40 compound-target
associated with their cellular compartments (GO: CC) was networks between the bioactives and the bioactive-
also observed. The distribution spanned compartments multiple myeloma gene targets were identified using

Volume 7 Issue 1 (2024) 9 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.1076