Page 101 - ITPS-7-1

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Plants immunoactivity: In silico study

Figure 7. A ligplot+ analysis of the docked complex of the protein
receptor JAK2 and somniferanolide. Protein residues involved include
hydrophobic interactions represented as arcs and hydrogen bonding with
Figure 5. Ligplot+ analysis of the docked complex of the protein receptor dashed lines.
HCK and somniferine. Protein residues involved include hydrophobic
interactions represented as arcs and hydrogen bonding with dashed lines.
also play a significant part in the differentiation of naive T
cells into effector T cells, a crucial step in adaptive immune
responses. Transcription factors within the TLR signaling
pathway (such as AP-1) regulate numerous genes, notably
those encoding crucial proinflammatory cytokines like
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1-beta, IL-6,
IL-8, and IL-12. Certain TLRs also trigger interferon
regulatory factors (IRFs) such as IRF3, IRF5, and IRF7,
which subsequently bolster the production of type 1
[44]
(alpha and beta) interferons . Another pathway through
which most of the genes interact is the nucleotide-binding
oligomerization domain (NOD) signaling pathway. Within
this pathway, inflammasome-forming NOD-like receptors
(NLRs) contribute to the conversion of procytokines into
active IL-1 and IL-18, achieved by triggering caspase-1.
TRAF is a group of cytoplasmic signaling adaptor proteins,
responsible for packing, regulating and transducing IL1,
TLRs, and IL17. These biological processes are vital for
regulation of cell survival and immune cell function.
These contribute significantly to regulating acute and
chronic inflammation (Gissler et al., 2022). Interleukins
Figure 6. Ligplot+ analysis of the docked complex of the protein receptor are involved in cell proliferation, migration, and also
PDPK1 and withanolide G. Protein residues involved include hydrophobic immune cell differentiation (Brocker et al., 2010). Studies
interactions represented as arcs and hydrogen bonding with dashed lines. have shown that NF-κB are important in modulating
the adaptive inflammatory response, such as enhanced
of the herbs’ gene target, the majority of the gene targets expression of genes responsible for pro-inflammation.
exhibited interactions through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) Contrarily, NOD-like receptors focus on regulating the
signaling pathway. TLRs activate defense mechanisms that host innate immune response by assembling mitogen-
function autonomously from adaptive immunity. They activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB (Franchi

Volume 7 Issue 1 (2024) 12 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.1076