Page 83 - ITPS-8-3

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Activity of green-synthesized nanoparticles

Table 2. Genomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae cells in the control group
Position Frequency (%) Annotation Gene Product
2,228,365 69.2 Intergenic (−35/−67) sfaA/sfaD Staphyloferrin A export MFS transporter/
D-ornithine citrate ligase
1,700,478 65.6 G59S* (GGC→AGC) KQ76_RS08360 Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
1,017,325 65.3 Q304* (CAA→TAA) fmtA Teichoic acid D-alanine esterase
342,330 62.0 I180I* (ATT→ATC) KQ76_RS01520 DUF3169 family protein
2,574,726 32.2 G69A* (GGC→GCC) KQ76_RS13020 Alpha/beta hydrolase
2,389,192 32.0 R188P* (CGA→CCA) hssR DNA-binding heme response regulator
1,213,003 31.3 E184D* (GAG→GAC) ylqF Ribosome biogenesis GTPase
860,322 31.3 E344K* (GAA→AAA) dltB Peptidoglycan teichoic acid
D-alanyltransferase
2,252,747 29.9 Intergenic (−54/+157) KQ76_RS11280/KQ76_RS11285 M23 family metallopeptidase/haloacid
dehalogenase-like hydrolase subfamily IIB
391,361 29.1 S36I *(AGT→ATT) KQ76_RS01815 General stress protein
810,694 29.0 M1K* (ATG→AAG) smpB SsrA-binding protein
1,536,460 27.5 Y112* (TAT→TAA) KQ76_RS07375 Phage major capsid protein
1,027,271 27.0 A87P* (GCA→CCA) purS Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine
synthase subunit
2,776,116 26.7 H117Q* (CAT→CAA) mnmG tRNA uridine
5-carboxymethylaminomethyl (34)
synthesis enzyme
2,574,727 26.6 G69R* (GGC→CGC) KQ76_RS13020 Alpha/beta hydrolase
2,564,194 26.6 A17P* (GCA→CCA) KQ76_RS12955 D-lactate dehydrogenase
2,190,680 25.7 T500S* (ACG→TCG) KQ76_RS10985 BglG family transcriptional antiterminator
Notes: Asterisk (*) indicates that the annotation provides functional context to the corresponding gene sequence, facilitating interpretation and
analysis; Underlined letters denote specific nucleotide or amino acid mutations identified within the sequence.
Abbreviations: BglG: Beta-glucoside operon anti-terminator protein; GTP: Guanosine triphosphate; MFS: Major facilitator superfamily; SsrA: Small
stable RNA A; tRNA: Transfer RNA.

Table 3. Genomic analysis of Escherichia coli after 24 h of exposure to biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from carpenter bee
wing extract

Position Frequency (%) Annotation Gene Product
4,935,197 43.3 Intergenic (−347/+147) lysO/aqpZ L-lysine exporter LysO/aquaporin Z
2,376,506 42.9 E119* (GAA→TAA) D1792_RS11465 YtfJ family protein
4,790,571 28.2 A218P* (GCA→CCA) sucD Succinate-CoA ligase subunit alpha
1,244,541 25.4 V392L* (GTA→CTA) hisD Histidinol dehydrogenase
461,346 25.0 R159P* (CGG→CCG) ‡ D1792_RS02575 Helix-turn-helix transcriptional regulator
2,155,046 22.9 T314R* (ACG→AGG) uacT Urate/proton symporter UacT
641,105 21.1 E1049D* (GAG→GAC) D1792_RS03370 Host specificity protein J
1,997,598 20.7 V23L* (GTA→CTA) ygcS MFS transporter
Notes: Asterisk (*) indicates that the annotation provides functional context to the corresponding gene sequence, facilitating interpretation and
analysis; Double dagger (‡) indicates a variant that is flagged as potentially problematic or requires further investigation; Underlined letters denote
specific nucleotide or amino acid mutations identified within the sequence.
Abbreviations: CoA: Coenzyme A; MFS: major facilitator superfamily; UacT: Uric acid transporter.

interaction with DNA and by generating oxidative stress. K. pneumoniae remain largely unexplored. This study
37
However, the mutagenic effects of silver nanoparticles investigates whether biosynthesized silver nanoparticles
and the associated resistance mechanisms in E. coli and from CBW can induce genetic mutations in E. coli and

Volume 8 Issue 3 (2025) 77 doi: 10.36922/ITPS025080007