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Microbes & Immunity                                                      An ATP-free packaging of T4 DNA



            DNA in a cell, but they need each other to accomplish   Ethics approval and consent to participate
            DNA packaging. When one end of DNA attaches or is
            packaged into capsids by the motor-ATP system and the   Not applicable.
            ambient Pi concentration is reduced at the end of viral   Consent for publication
                      42
            reproduction  or even after the burst of the host cell
            (pfu of Figure 4D and E), the packaging of DNA will be   Not applicable.
            completed by the conformational change system. Because
            the process of the conformational change system does not   Availability of data
            require extra ATP and proceeds automatically, it has been   Data used in this work are available from the corresponding
            “invisible” and might have been overlooked in previous   author on reasonable request.
            observations.
                                                               References
            5. Conclusion
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            ejected by high Pi concentration and the connections
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            Acknowledgments
                                                                  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1209214109
            The author would like to acknowledge I. Koike for the
            continuous  scientific  and  social  supports;  H. Ogawa   6.   Molineux  IJ,  Panja  D.  Popping the cork: Mechanisms  of
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            support  and data analysis and interpretation; K. Kogure      doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2988
            for contributing to the discussion of results; Y. Fu for the   7.   Effantin G, Boulanger P, Neumann E, Letellier L, Conway JF.
            continuous support and help; and J. Furse and J. Adachi   Bacteriophage T5 structure reveals similarities with HK97
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            Funding                                               doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.06.081
                                                               8.   Chow TY, Lin YT, Kuo TT. Stability of phage Xp12. Bot Bull
            The research was supported by the Cooperative Program   Acad Sinica. 1971;12:57-65.
            (No. 119, 134, 2015) of Atmosphere and Ocean Research
            Institute, the University of Tokyo to S.H.         9.   Kuo TT, Huang TC, Wu RY, Chen CP. Specific dissociation of
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            Conflict of interest                                  doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-10-2-199
            The author declares no conflicts of interest.      10.  Shafia F, Thompson TL. Calcium ion requirement for
                                                                  proliferation of bacteriophage PHI mu-4.  J  Bacteriol.
            Author contributions                                  1964;88:293-296.
            This is single-authored article.                      doi: 10.1128/jb.88.2.293-296.1964


            Volume 1 Issue 1 (2024)                         78                               doi: 10.36922/mi.2666
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