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1. Introduction meaningful analysis of publication trends in this field is
still lacking. Publications are key indicators of research
With the widespread use of automobiles and the aging trends and contributions, forming the core of scientific
population, the incidence of orthopedic diseases caused by research. Across bibliometric techniques and the use of
trauma and aging is gradually increasing, posing significant various literature databases, bibliometric analysis offers
challenges for society and the healthcare system. High- a robust approach to evaluating research progress both
energy trauma significantly raises the risk of comminuted qualitatively and quantitatively over time. 11,12 Such studies
and open fractures, which, in turn, increases the likelihood of enable researchers to track the evolution of publications
1
bone defects and osteomyelitis. Furthermore, the growing through citation network analysis, identify emerging
elderly population is contributing to the rising number topics, and forecast future research hotspots within related
of patients with degenerative orthopedic diseases such fields. 13,14 Recently, this approach has been widely applied
as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. These diseases cause to analyze research trends in fields such as osteoarthritis,
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3
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varying degrees of damage to the function and structure extracellular vesicles, 16 and Clustered Regularly
of bones and cartilage. For instance, in osteoarthritis, Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-related
significant changes occur in joint structure, with cartilage technologies. However, the developmental trends of
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undergoing degenerative degradation and subchondral bone/cartilage organoids have not been well-studied. This
bone undergoing remodeling. These changes not only result paper examined the literature on bone/cartilage organoids
in joint pain and functional impairment but also affect from 2010 to 2024 and conducted a visual analysis to
daily activities and, in severe cases, may lead to disability. explore emerging trends, dynamic developments, and
However, cartilage damage is difficult to repair due to its research hotspots.
limited blood supply and lack of innervation, leading to
poor self-repair capacity. Bone has some capacity for self- 2. Methods
4,5
repair, allowing it to handle minor injuries, but this ability 2.1. Data source and search strategy
is often insufficient for more severe fractures. 6
In accordance with previous studies, 18-20 a bibliometric
In this context, tissue engineering, a cutting-edge field
in regenerative medicine, has demonstrated significant analysis was conducted on publications from the Web of
Science Core Collection (WoS), which includes databases,
potential. By combining three essential elements – seed such as the Science Citation Index Expanded, Social
cells, bioactive factors, and biological scaffolds – an Sciences Citation Index, Arts and Humanities Citation
environment conducive to effective bone and cartilage Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index (Science
repair can be created. Using tissue engineering to study and Social Science and Humanities), Emerging Sources
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joint development, disease progression, and the effects of Citation Index, Current Chemical Reactions, and Index
drug treatments is a key direction for the future treatment Chemicus. WoS, containing over 12,000 international
and prevention of bone/cartilage diseases. In recent years, academic journals, is one of the most comprehensive
bone/cartilage organoids have gradually become a research platforms for global academic research. Literature
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hotspot. By culturing isolated stem cells or autologous from WoS was searched between January 1, 2010, and
chondrocytes in an environment that simulates the native September 10, 2024. The search strategy in this study
tissue extracellular matrix, bone/cartilage organoids can was as follows: Theme = Organoid* AND Theme = bone
autonomously assemble. These organoids can simulate or cartilage AND Language = (English) AND Document
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a joint structure and function, and they are used to study types = (ARTICLE OR REVIEW). The publication criteria
joint microenvironments, bone/cartilage development, and were as follows: (i) the manuscript must focus on the theme
regeneration, as well as for drug screening and biomaterial of bone/cartilage organoids; (ii) the document types must
evaluation. Compared to traditional two-dimensional be either article or review; and (iii) the papers must be
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cultures and animal models, bone/cartilage organoids written in English. The exclusion criteria were: (i) themes
are better suited for in-depth biological research and not related to bone/cartilage organoids, and (ii) articles
can replace damaged bone and joint cartilage through such as briefings, news, or meeting abstracts.
in vitro-cultured tissues. For example, Yang et al. used
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hyaluronic acid and hydroxyapatite to construct a gelatin- 2.2. Bibliometric analysis and visualization
based cryogel. This custom cryogel demonstrated excellent The number of publications and their citations, as
cell compatibility, induced chondrogenic and osteogenic recorded by WoS, were used to calculate the relative
differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, and showed the research interest (RRI), which represents the proportion of
ability to self-assemble into osteochondral organoids. publications in a specific field relative to total publications
Although research on bone/cartilage organoids has each year. 22,23 The analysis covered the period from 2010
gained increasing attention recently, a comprehensive and to 2024. Data analysis was performed using GraphPad

Volume 1 Issue 3 (2025) 2 doi: 10.36922/or.8295