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Tumor Discovery

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Prevalence and clinical significance of rs9929218

in Cadherin 1 and rs6983267 in the 8q24 region
among Kurdish colorectal cancer patients in Iraq

Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim*

Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq-
Chaq-Qualaraisi, Sulaimani, Iraq
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Colorectal Cancer: Best Tools for Diagnosis to
Management Strategies)

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality
worldwide, with genetic factors playing a significant role in its pathogenesis. This
study investigated the prevalence of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
– rs9929218 in the Cadherin 1 (CDH1) gene and rs6983267 in the 8q24 region –
among Kurdish CRC patients in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, and assessed their association
with clinicopathological features. Blood samples from 290 CRC patients and 100
healthy controls were analyzed using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. The
frequency of rs9929218 was 20.34% in CRC patients compared to 7% in controls,
while rs6983267 was detected in 26.55% of CRC cases versus 11% of controls. Both
*Corresponding author:
Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim SNPs were significantly associated with CRC risk in univariate analyses; however, after
(hersh.abdul@komar.edu.iq) adjusting for age, sex, tumor grade, and TNM stage in multivariate logistic regression,
Citation: Ham-Karim HA. neither SNP remained an independent risk factor. Nonetheless, both SNPs showed
Prevalence and clinical significance significant associations with advanced tumor stage, nodal involvement, and
of rs9929218 in Cadherin 1 and perineural invasion, suggesting a potential role in disease progression rather than
rs6983267 in the 8q24 region
among Kurdish colorectal cancer initiation. These findings enhance the understanding of CRC genetics in the Kurdish
patients in Iraq. Tumor Discov. population and highlight the need for larger, functionally validated studies to
2025;4(2):82-91. confirm these associations.
doi: 10.36922/TD025110021
Received: March 14, 2025
Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Genetic polymorphism; CDH1 gene; 8q24 region; Cancer
Revised: May 19, 2025 susceptibility; Kurdish population
Accepted: May 20, 2025
Published online: June 4, 2025
Copyright: © 2025 Author(s). 1. Introduction
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and
Creative Commons Attribution mortality worldwide, with significant geographical and ethnic variations in its incidence
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, and genetic predisposition. In 2020 alone, CRC accounted for approximately 10% of
provided the original work is global cancer cases and deaths, making it the third most commonly diagnosed cancer
properly cited. and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The identification of genetic
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Publisher’s Note: AccScience markers associated with CRC risk has been a focal point of cancer research, aiming to
Publishing remains neutral with enhance early detection, prevention, and personalized treatment strategies. Among
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regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional the numerous genetic variants studied, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have
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affiliations. emerged as critical factors influencing CRC susceptibility. The SNP rs9929218 in the
Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025) 82 doi: 10.36922/TD025110021