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Ma, et al.

comprehensive understanding of the influence of pore Funding
structure on combustion behavior.
This study was funded by the Beijing Forestry
5. Conclusion University through a grant awarded to Zhongjia Chen
(grant number: 31500478).
Based on a comprehensive experimental investigation
and data analysis, the key findings of this study are as Conflict of interest
follows:
(i) Resource utilization: Resource utilization efficiency The authors declare that they have no known competing
peaks at low input mass (<0.4 g) but declines sharply financial interests or personal relationships that could
beyond this threshold before stabilizing. This trend have influenced the work reported in the article.
likely results from oxygen diffusion limitations
within pore channels, although confounding Author contributions
factors (e.g., airflow turbulence) require further
investigation Conceptualization: Qingchun Wang
(ii) Reaction kinetics: Reaction time generally decreases Data curation: Zhongjia Chen
with increasing input mass but exhibits a transient Formal analysis: Zhuoying Chen
increase at approximately 0.4 g. This anomaly may Investigation: Zhiyuan Ma
arise from localized combustion instability caused Methodology: Qingchun Wang
by pore blockage, necessitating validation against Writing – original draft: Zhiyuan Ma
heat transfer delays or microexplosion events Writing – review & editing: Xiangyue Yua, Zhongjia
(iii) Optimized combustion regime: Enhanced Chen
combustion efficiency (33.88%) and reduced
reaction time were observed at 0.64 g input mass Availability of data
and ~50% porosity. This suggests pore-mediated
optimization of gas-solid mass transfer, though the All experimental data required to reproduce the findings
“optimum” is dependent on experimental boundaries of this study are included in the article. Raw datasets
(e.g., confined space, fixed fiber topology) may be obtained from the corresponding author upon
(iv) Porosity-governed transition: Increasing bulk reasonable request.
density drives a combustion shift from diffusion-
limited burning to deflagration, ultimately leading References
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The authors are grateful to Beijing Forestry University doi: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.202
for the support and resources provided to complete 4. Abouallal H,Idrissi EN, Dkhireche N, et al. Biomass
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Volume 22 Issue 4 (2025) 216 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025240193