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Porosity-driven biomass combustion

Table 3. Input mass of cotton floc and corresponding measurements
Input mass (g) Bulk density (g/m ) Porosity Residual mass (g) Utilization rate (%) Reaction time (s)
3
0.08 80 0.9481 0.0039 95.13 0.55
0.16 160 0.8961 0.0706 55.88 0.49
0.24 240 0.8442 0.1004 58.17 0.40
0.32 320 0.7922 0.2068 35.38 0.38
0.40 400 0.7403 0.2298 42.55 0.39
0.48 480 0.6883 0.3319 30.85 0.34
0.56 560 0.6364 0.4128 26.29 0.31
0.64 640 0.5844 0.4232 33.88 0.32
0.72 720 0.5325 0.5840 18.89 0.32
0.80 800 0.4805 0.6292 21.35 0.22
0.88 880 0.4286 0.7379 16.15 0.37
0.96 960 0.3766 0.7826 18.48 0.13
1.04 1040 0.3247 0.8306 20.13 0.25

Figure 8. Variation in cotton floc utilization rate as a Figure 9. Variation in cotton floc deflagration
function of input mass reaction time as a function of input mass

(iv) Low utilization stabilization phase: At higher input that as the input mass increases, the reaction time
masses (e.g., 1.04 g), the utilization rate stabilizes at generally decreases. When the input mass is small
a lower level (20.13%). (0.08 – 0.24 g), the reaction time gradually decreases

These findings suggest that increasing input mass from 0.55 to 0.40 s. As the input mass further increases
reduces resource efficiency, but the rate of decline to 0.4 g, the reaction time briefly increases to 0.39 s,
eventually saturates, leading to a stable but low but then steadily declines with further mass increases
utilization phase. (up to 0.72 g), reaching a minimum of 0.22 s. At high
Figure 9 displays the variation in reaction time as input mass (0.8 – 1.04 g), the reaction time displayed
a function of input mass. The plot/trendline confirms greater fluctuations, initially increasing to 0.37 s,
the linearity of the experimental data, providing then sharply decreasing to 0.13 s, and subsequently
a theoretical basis for predicting reaction time in rising again to 0.25 s. The experimental results
practical applications. This approach allows for a reveal that at a cotton floc input mass of 0.64 g, the
more targeted experimental design and operation, porosity approaches the critical threshold of 50%,
optimizing the control of cotton floc explosion and leading to a reduction in reaction time to 0.32 s and
improving reaction efficiency. It can be observed a local peak in resource utilization (33.88%). This

Volume 22 Issue 4 (2025) 213 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025240193