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Tsankov, et al.

Figure 14. System architecture of centralized street lighting control via global system for mobile
communications (GSM)/general packet radio service communication
Abbreviations: IoT: Internet of Things; LTE-M: Long-term evolution machine type communication.

Figure 15. Interface of the cloud-based street lighting control and monitoring system in Pavlikeni

3.1.1. Energy savings at an end-user site (iii) P , P : Nominal power (kW) of the replaced
new
old
(N ref ,old old k pra ,old luminaire and of the new luminaire, respectively,
P
- N Pk )T both satisfying the updated normative lighting
/
FEStot = ref ,new new pra ,new year ,[MWh year ]
1000 requirements. The power of the new luminaire
(IX) should reflect the actual operational values of its
where: maintenance (operational) elements.
(i) FEStot: Energy savings at an end-user site (MWh/ (iv) k pra, old , k pra, new : Coefficients accounting for losses
year). in the control gear of the existing and replacement
(ii) N ref_old , N ref_new : Number of replaced luminaires in the luminaires, respectively, including potential losses
existing installation and number of new luminaires from CLO-type control devices.
replacing them, which meet the current normative (v) T : Annual operating time (utilization) of the
lighting requirements. year
lighting system (hours/year).

Volume 22 Issue 6 (2025) 192 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025310242