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Farming technologies and food yields in Pakistan

focusing instead on yield projections and irrigation a holistic strategy that blends economic development
management. 24,25 Despite the availability of much with environmental management may help to achieve
literature on how machine learning, drone surveillance, sustainable growth in AGRI and conserve natural
and the IoT are changing agriculture worldwide, there is resources for future generations.
little Pakistan-specific empirical research, especially on Investing in R&D has a major impact on the
smart farming technology and environmental outcomes production and innovation scene in the agricultural
like greenhouse gas mitigation. This research links sector, especially when it comes to cereal crops. The
AgriTech interventions to crop yields, CH and N O allocation of funding for agricultural R&D directly
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emissions, and technology adoption in Pakistan’s grain- affects the development of innovative farming
producing areas, bridging empirical and contextual practices, improves crop varieties, and fosters the usage
gaps. This expands on the growing yet untapped nexus of sustainable agricultural approaches. These factors
of digital adoption, climate resilience, and precision together influence the yield of cereal crops to a large
agriculture. extent. Increased investment in R&D in the agricultural
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Natural factors such as weather and soil quality are sector may achieve better agricultural yields and
not the only ones that affect farming; environmental resilience. Improved CCYs, food security, and solutions
and economic concerns also play a major role. A to the problems caused by a growing global population
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comprehensive grasp of the interplay between economic may be achieved by financial investments in agronomic
and environmental factors on AGRI is necessary to research, which leads to the creation of drought-tolerant,
develop sustainable agricultural policies and practices. disease-resistant varieties of cereal crops. Sustainable
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Factors such as government subsidies, trade rules, farming practices that encourage efficient use of
customer demand, and financial expenditures in resources and environmental protection are another
agricultural research and development directly influence outcome of R&D spending for agricultural production.
the value-added in agriculture. Subsidies from the Prioritizing R&D in cereal crop production goes beyond
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government can influence agricultural production and merely ensuring sustainability and improving yields.
the profitability of farming businesses. Besides, a more In addition to bolstering rural economic development
open market enabled by less restrictive trade agreements and agricultural diversity, it helps create value-added
between countries will allow for higher agricultural commodities and processes. To meet the evolving needs
exports and increased economic values of their goods of consumers and boost agricultural competitiveness,
and produce. Agricultural infrastructure and technology investments in post-harvest technologies and food
upgrades that boost output can raise the value-added to processing advances have resulted in a wide range of
agriculture. Environmental factors also substantially cereal-based products. R&D in agricultural production
impact the value-added in agriculture. Climate change, greatly improves CCYs, guaranteeing food security,
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water scarcity, land degradation, and biodiversity loss environmental sustainability, and economic success.
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are some of the factors that may significantly affect the To tackle the complex issues confronting the global
value-added to agriculture. Lower AGRI may result from agriculture business, policymakers should seize
unpredictability in weather patterns, such as prolonged the opportunity for change that R&D presents by
droughts or strong rainstorms, which hurt crop harvests advocating for a collaborative and interdisciplinary
and animal productivity. Soil erosion, salinization, approach to agricultural research. The strategic
and deforestation are further causes of agricultural allocation of research and development money requires
land degradation that lower the value of agriculture by cooperation between educational institutions, research
lowering the long-term productive potential of the land. groups, and agricultural stakeholders. Best practices
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Thus, finding a middle ground between the monetary may be more easily adopted across agroecological
and ecological aspects of agricultural value addition zones if encouraged by public-private partnerships
is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural and international collaboration in agricultural research.
practices. Organic and precision agriculture are two R&D expenditures from governments and NGOs are
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environmentally friendly agricultural methods that reflective of the significance of agricultural development
may contribute to the economy. To lessen the impact of and food security. Establishing a supportive legal
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environmental factors on agricultural value, investments framework that encourages private sector engagement in
should be made in research and development (R&D) to agricultural R&D boosts innovation, entrepreneurship,
invent crops that are adaptable to climate change and and the commercialization of research results,
sustainable land management approaches. Implementing cultivating a thriving and strong sector for the production

Volume 22 Issue 3 (2025) 107 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025130096