Page 175 - AJWEP-v22i3

Maghnia wastewater and risk assessment

Table 2. Algerian standards for physical and measured using a pH meter, an oximeter, and a BOD 5
chemical parameters in wastewater reuse for meter, respectively. The analytical methods employed
agriculture are described below.
Parameters Unit Limit 2.5.1. pH measurement
Physical pH is a critical parameter for assessing the acidity or
pH - 6.5 <pH <8.5 alkalinity at each sampling site. This measurement
TSS mg/L 30 was performed in situ by immersing the electrode of
Conductivity dS/m 3 a portable pH meter (model: pH 90; WTW, Germany)
Chemical directly into the sample container. The reading was
mg/L 30 recorded once the pH value stabilized on the meter’s
BOD 5 display.
COD mg/L 90
mEq/L 10
Cl⁻ 2.5.2. Conductivity measurement
NO₃⁻-N mg/L 30 Conductivity measurements were also performed in situ,

HCO₃⁻ mEq/L 8.5 using a portable conductivity meter (WTW, Germany).
Toxic elements a After calibrating the instrument, the electrode was
immersed in the water sample, and the reading
Al mg/L 20 was recorded once it stabilized. The conductivity was
As mg/L 2.0 expressed in μS/cm.
Be mg/L 0.5
B mg/L 2.0 2.5.3. Total suspended solid (TSS) concentration
Cd mg/L 0.05 measurement
Cr mg/L 1.0 TSSs, comprising both organic and inorganic fractions,
were measured by filtration. The TSS concentration was
Co mg/L 5.0 determined gravimetrically after drying the filter paper
Cu mg/L 5.0 at 105°C. Before filtration, the filter paper was washed
mg/L 0.5 with distilled water and dried in an oven at 120°C for
CN⁻
F⁻ mg/L 15 2 h. After cooling in a desiccator for 24 h, the initial mass
Fe mg/L 20 of the filter paper (M₀) was recorded. The pre-weighed
filter paper was then used to filter a 50 mL aliquot of the
Phenols mg/L 0.002 water sample. The mass of the filter paper containing
Pb mg/L 10.0 the retained solids (M) was recorded after the same
Li mg/L 2.5 drying and cooling procedure. The TSS concentration
Mn mg/L 10.0 was calculated using the following formula:
Hg mg/L 0.01 (M M0) 1000− ×
Mo mg/L 0.05 TSS = V (I)
N mg/L 2.0 where V is the volume of the water sample analyzed
Se mg/L 0.02 (50 mL), M is the mass of the filtration disc after use
V mg/L 1.0 (mg), and M₀ is the mass of the filter paper before use
Zn mg/L 10.0 (mg).
Note: Toxic to fine-textured, neutral or alkaline soil types. TSS:
a
total suspended solid; BOD: biological oxygen demand; COD: 2.5.4. BOD measurement
chemical oxygen demand; Cl: chloride; NO₃⁻-N: nitrate-nitrogen; The BOD 5 was measured using a BOD 5 meter. The
HCO₃⁻: bicarbonate; Al: aluminum; As: arsenic; Be: beryllium; procedure involved filling 250 mL BOD 5 bottles with
B: boron; Cd: cadmium; Cr: chromium; Co: cobalt; Cu: copper;
CN⁻: cyanides; F⁻: fluoride; Fe: iron; Pb: lead; Li: lithium; Mn: the water sample, sealing them with the instrument’s
manganese; Hg: mercury; Mo: molybdenum; Ni: nickel; Se: stopper and agitator, and incubating them for five days.
selenium; V: vanadium; Zn: zinc. The reading from the BOD 5 meter was then corrected

Volume 22 Issue 3 (2025) 169 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025120085