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Maghnia wastewater and risk assessment























                Figure 3. Temperature variations in inflow and outflow wastewater at the Lagfafe wastewater treatment plant






















                        Figure 4. Variations in pH values of wastewater at the Lagfafe wastewater treatment plant

                 Table 3. Temperature of the inflow and outflow wastewater
                 Wastewater                                          Temperature (°C)
                                      Average           Maximum             Minimum            Median            SD
                 Inflow                20.50              26.75               11.00             21.50            3.97
                 Outflow               20.76              27.50               12.00             20.50            4.26
                 Abbreviation: SD: standard deviation.

                 Table 4. pH values of the inflow and outflow wastewater
                 Wastewater                                               pH
                                  Average        Maximum         Minimum         Median         95% CI           SD
                 Inflow             7.82           8.25            7.14           7.88         7.74 – 7.90      0.26
                 Outflow            7.49           8.44            7.25           8.04         7.85 – 8.05      0.31
                 Note: The p-value was calculated to be 1.68 × 10 .
                                                    −4
                 Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval; SD: standard deviation.
                CI: 7.85 – 8.05) wastewater are within the acceptable   influent wastewater (p = 0.000168), though the increase
                range  established  by  the  agricultural  reuse  standards.   is marginal. However, both values remain consistently
                An independent samples  t-test  reveals  a statistically   within  the  regulatory  limits.  In addition,  the  low and
                significant increase in pH in the effluent compared to the   comparable  standard  deviation  (SD)  observed  for  the



                Volume 22 Issue 3 (2025)                       171                           doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025120085
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