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Gene & Protein in Disease                                           Pre-metastatic niche oral cancer: Insights




            Table 2. (Continued)
            Term              %       P‑value         Genes        Fold enrichment  Bonferroni  Benjamini  FDR
            hsa04062:      2.04991087  0.03634854  CXCL1, LYN, CXCL5, HCK,   1.555790566  0.997325777  0.326279374  36.0507054
            Chemokine                          CXCL3, RELA, CXCL9,
            signaling pathway                  CXCL6, CCL5, STAT1,
                                               CXCL11, CCL4, CCL18,
                                               CXCL10, CCL11, NRAS,
                                               CCL20, RAC2, CXCL13,
                                               CXCL16, GSK3B, GNB5,
                                               SHC1
            hsa05219: Bladder   0.71301248  0.04377802  NRAS, VEGFC, TYMP,   2.409381663  0.999224833  0.360872932  41.7563079
            cancer                             CDKN2A, PGF, MMP9,
                                               DAPK3, MMP1
            hsa04620: Toll-like   1.24777184  0.05258336  RELA, CXCL9, TLR2, FADD,   1.753361903  0.999823575  0.398536221  47.9122636
            receptor signaling                 CXCL11, STAT1, CCL5,
            pathway                            CCL4, CXCL10, CD86,
                                               CD80, IRF7, IL1B, SPP1
            hsa04514: Cell   1.51515152  0.05422803  F11R, ICAM1, CD276,   1.629070556  0.999866393  0.390788167  48.9936622
            adhesion molecules                 ITGB2, ITGA4, CDH2,
                                               CDH3, SDC1, CD86, CD80,
                                               ITGA6, ITGAV, ICOS,
                                               CLDN1, CNTN1, CNTNAP2,
                                               VCAN
            hsa05212:      0.98039216  0.05441853  VEGFC, CDKN2A, RAC2,   1.932524876  0.99987063  0.375748489  49.1175775
            Pancreatic cancer                  PGF, RELA, TGFB3, TGFA,
                                               BRCA2, CDK6, STAT1,
                                               TGFB1
            hsa04623: Cytosolic  0.80213904  0.06456243  DDX58, RELA, IRF7,   2.069877883  0.999976966  0.413701946  55.3308922
            DNA-sensing                        PYCARD, IL1B, CCL5,
            pathway                            CCL4, AIM2, CXCL10
            hsa05410:      1.06951872  0.06876775  ITGA6, ITGA5, ITGAV,   1.785776997  0.999988798  0.418899192  57.6962219
            Hypertrophic                       ITGB6, ITGB4, TGFB3,
            cardiomyopathy                     ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGA4,
                                               CACNA2D3, TPM4, TGFB1
            hsa04640:      1.06951872  0.07355873  CSF2, CD38, CD44, ITGA6,   1.765012149  0.999995092  0.426312252  60.2506497
            Hematopoietic cell                 TFRC, ITGA5, IL1B, ITGA2,
            lineage                            ITGA3, ITGA4, IL7R, IL1A
            hsa05120: Epithelial   0.8912656  0.0842849  CXCL1, ATP6V1C1, F11R,   1.860184372  0.999999239  0.458017547  65.4648659
            cell signaling in                  ADAM10, LYN, PTPRZ1,
            Helicobacter pylori                RELA, MET, ADAM17,
            infection                          CCL5
            hsa05211: Renal   0.8912656  0.09709066  NRAS, VEGFC, PAK2, PGF,   1.807036247  0.99999992  0.493832462  70.8654463
            cell carcinoma                     MET, SLC2A1, EGLN3,
                                               TGFB3, TGFA, TGFB1
            Note:  P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
            Abbreviations:  ECM:  Extracellular matrix; FDR:  False discovery rate.


            expression  of  CXCR4  (axon  guidance)  and  CALCA  was   observed that the downregulation of the circadian rhythm
            associated with a good prognosis (Figure 3).       gene PER3 and upregulation of BHLHE40 were associated
              Given the observed upregulation of the circadian rhythm   with poor survival outcomes (Figure 4).
            pathway in metastatic lymph nodes, we further performed a   4. Discussion
            correlation analysis using TIMER, a web server that allows
            users to input function-specific parameters, with resulting   Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been made to
            figures dynamically displayed to conveniently access the   unravel the mechanisms that underpin the formation of the
            tumor immunological, clinical, and genomic features. We   pre-metastatic niche and its role in metastasis.  Integrating
                                                                                                   4

            Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024)                         7                               doi: 10.36922/gpd.2971
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