Page 19 - GTM-1-1

Global Translational Medicine

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Inhibitory effect of Solanum xanthocarpum on

the growth of KB human oral cancer cell line
in vitro through ROS-induced mitochondrial

pathway

1
1
Annamalai Vijayalakshmi *,Venkateshwaran Anitha , and
Tawfia M. Mustafa Al-Antary 2
1 Department of Biochemistry, Rabiammal Ahamed Maideen College for Women, Tiruvarur, Tamil
Nadu, India
2 Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Solanum xanthocarpum
on KB human oral cancer cells by analyzing its anti-proliferative and apoptotic
properties as well as its inhibitory effect on cell adhesion. In this study, the leaves
extract of S. xanthocarpum was prepared using the maceration method. Cytotoxic
effect of different doses of the S. xanthocarpum extract was assessed using MTT assay.
Measurements of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and antioxidant
enzymes were also performed. In addition, we also studied the impacts of S.
xanthocarpum on the apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential of KB cells.
Determination of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation was performed using
*Corresponding author:
Annamalai Vijayalakshmi biochemical methods. The S. xanthocarpum showed cytotoxic activity against KB
(vijirajabio@gmail.com) cells with IC (200 µg/mL). Besides, DCFH-DA staining and acridine orange/ethidium
50
Citation: Vijayalakshmi A, bromide staining results demonstrated that S. xanthocarpum induced the generation
Anitha V, Mustafa Al-Antary TM, of ROS and apoptosis in KB cells, respectively. Based on the Rh-123 staining results, S.
2022, Inhibitory effect of Solanum xanthocarpum decreased mitochondrial depolarization in KB cells. Furthermore, the
xanthocarpum on the growth of KB
human oral cancer cell line in vitro S. xanthocarpum treatment contributed to increased lipid peroxidation, accompanied
through ROS-induced mitochondrial by reduced activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as decreased
pathway. Global Transl Med, glutathione content. Taken together, these findings indicate that S. xanthocarpum
1(1): 68.
https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i1.68 extract might comprise bioactive compounds of therapeutic significance, which can
inhibit the growth of KB cells.
Received: April 14, 2022
Accepted: June 10, 2022
Published Online: June 24, 2022 Keywords: Oral cancer; Solanum xanthocarpum; MTT; Reactive oxygen species;
Copyright: © 2022 Author(s). Mitochondrial membrane potential; Apoptosis
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, 1. Introduction
provided the original work is
properly cited. Oral squamous cellular carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all
neoplasms of the oral cavity . OSCC is the fifth most common leading cause of cancer
[1]
Publisher’s Note: AccScience globally and emerged as the leading cause of mortality in India . Overexposure of normal
[2]
Publishing remains neutral with
regard to jurisdictional claims in cells to carcinogenic metabolites from cigarette smoke and other environmental factors
published maps and institutional leads to cancerization. Oral premalignant lesions, that is, leucoplakia and erythroplakia,
affiliations.
Volume 1 Issue 1 (2022) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i1.68