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Attarilar, et al.
A B step in AM technology. This review briefly summarizes
the current knowledge in 3DP of implants with a special
emphasis on the technologies and procedures which are
instrumental in the conception and development of de
novo technologies.

Acknowledgments
Figure 19. The 3D printed NiTi samples. (A) Selective laser
melting-produced hip joint after polishing. (B) Electron beam This research was funded by the National Natural Science
melting-produced acetabular cup and the magnified view of the Foundation of China (no. 31971246 and no. 51831011)
porous lattice structure (Reproduced from Ref [152] with permission and Medical Engineering Cross Research Foundation of
from Wiley Periodicals, Inc., https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.23075, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (no. YG2019QNA46).
Copyright 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society
Conflicts of interest
NiTi scaffolds through osteogenic cell culture confirms
the good mechanical properties and successful activity of The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
osteogenic stem cells in a salty medium or even under- Data availability
controlled compression stresses [147-149] . Furthermore, it
was found that Ni ion release was below the cytotoxic level All data generated or analyzed during this study are
in both dense and AM produced porous NiTi scaffolds included in this published article.
and reduced laser-beam diameter can decline the Ni ion
release in SLM-produced NiTi scaffolds [146,150] . Figure 19 References
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