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Xie, et al.
A B

C

D E

Figure 5. Printability of TSM-B in extruding bioprinting. (A) Sketch of printability of TSM-B. (B) Printability of TSM-B and GelMA
precursor solution. (C) Filament diameter generated by TSM-B. (D) 2D patterns printed by TSM-B. (E) 3D structures printed by TSM-B.

diameters were generally lower in TSM-B groups than in practice was carried out. 2D patterns printing,
the ones in GelMA groups. It was probably because when including right-angle printing, curve printing, as well as
the extruded filament attached to the cooling platform multi-materials printing, were tested here (Figure 5D).
of the bioprinter, the deposited filament would be fixed In the close-up images, the pores inside the filaments
by friction and viscous force. Thus, with the continuous could be clearly seen. In terms of 3D structures, we
movement of the bioprinting nozzle, the pure GelMA tried to establish centimeter-scale structures around
segments between two gelatin microspheres inside the 2.5 cm at maximum dimension. Three significant
filament, which is being extruded, would be further constructions in 3D bioprinting field, namely, scaffold,
stretched, so that the diameters of this part decreased. complex structures, and multi-materials structures,
Based on the detailed printability analysis above, a were established, as shown in Figure 5E. The formed
series of structural printings with the proposed TSM-B spherical pores inside the structures could be seen, which

24 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 4