Page 213 - IJB-9-4

International Journal of Bioprinting b-Ti21S TPMS FGPs produced by laser powder bed fusion

of the printability of the TPMS-FGPSs thanks to Consent for publication
the analysis of the entire volume and to the use Not applicable.
of the same method (wall thickness method) to
characterize the as-designed and printed samples. Availability of data
(iv) The compression yield strength of both TPMS-FGPS
results is higher than that of the trabecular bone No additional data are available to the public.
(0.8–11.6 MPa). The E cyclic of TPMS-FGPS 2.5 (4.1 References
GPa) resumes that of the cancellous bone, while the
E cyclic of TPMS-FGPS 4.0 (10.7 GPa) is in line with 1. Sam Froes FH, Qian M, Niinomi M, 2019, Titanium for
that of the cortical bone. Consumer Applications: Real World Use of Titanium, 1–349.
(v) A simulation analysis by means of homogenization https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-03513-9
method and simple lumped model confirms that 2. Balakrishnan P, Sreekala MS, Thomas S, 2018, Fundamental
the discrepancy between CAD and experimental Biomaterials: Metals, 1–450.
dimensions could be ascribed to edge effects, which
are not negligible when the number of unit cells is https://doi.org/10.1016/C2016-0-03502-7
too low as in the case of TPMS-FGPS 4.0. 3. Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-
4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical
(vi) The values the Gibson–Ashby constants highlight Implant Applications (UNS R56401).
the bending-dominated behavior exhibited by
the TPMS-FGPS 2.5. https://www.astm.org/f0136-13r21e01.html (accessed
December 7, 2022).
Acknowledgments 4. Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, et al., 2009, Ti based
biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants:
None. A review. Prog Mater Sci, 54:397–425.
Funding https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMATSCI.2008.06.004

This work is part of the project N. 2020.0042 - ID 50430, 5. Rao S, Ushida T, Tateishi T, et al., 1996, Effect of Ti, Al, and
V ions on the relative growth rate of fibroblasts (L929) and
“Produzione additiva di protesi ortopediche a struttura osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) cells. Biomed Mater Eng, 6:79–86.
trabecolare in Ti-beta” funded by Fondazione Cariverona.
https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-1996-6202
Conflict of interest 6. Wang M, Lin F, Zhang X, et al., 2022, Combination of
The authors declare that they have no known financial alpinia oxyphylla fructus and schisandra chinensis fructus
ameliorates aluminum-induced Alzheimer’s disease via
interests or personal relationships that could have reducing BACE1 expression. J Chem Neuroanat, 126:
appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. 102180.
Alireza Jam is currently with the National Center for
Additive Manufacturing Excellence (NCAME) at Auburn https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCHEMNEU.2022.102180
University. 7. Abdel-Hady Gepreel M, Niinomi M, 2013, Biocompatibility
of Ti-alloys for long-term implantation. J Mech Behav
Author contributions Biomed Mater, 20:407–415.

Conceptualization: Lorena Emanuelli https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JMBBM.2012.11.014
Methodology: Lorena Emanuelli, Raffaele De Biasi, Anton 8. Kumar A, Nune KC, Misra RDK, 2016, Biological
du Plessis, Matteo Benedetti, Massimo Pellizzari functionality and mechanistic contribution of extracellular
Investigation: Lorena Emanuelli, Raffaele De Biasi, Carlo matrix-ornamented three dimensional Ti-6Al-4V mesh
Lora, Alireza Jam scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 104:2751–2763.
Writing – original draft: Lorena Emanuelli, Raffaele De https://doi.org/10.1002/JBM.A.35809.
Biasi, Anton du Plessis, Matteo Benedetti, Massimo 9. ASTM F2066-18 - Standard Specification for Wrought
Pellizzari Titanium-15 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant
Writing – review & editing: All authors Applications (UNS R58150).
Ethics approval and consent to participate 10. ASTM F1813-21 - Standard Specification for Wrought
Titanium-12Molybdenum-6Zirconium-2Iron Alloy for
Not applicable. Surgical Implant (UNS R58120).

Volume 9 Issue 4 (2023) 205 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.729