Page 433 - IJB-9-6

International Journal of Bioprinting Versatile pomelo peel-inspired structures

Figure 9. (A–D) von Mises stress contours and (E–H) selected cross-sections showing the stress distribution of various BPPSs.

factors. Firstly, the cavity size of the BPPS increased velocity, contributing to stronger effects on enhancing
gradually with the decrease of the VFs, resulting in lower heat transfer performance. Secondly, the topological
airflow resistance. This led to a lower air bypass and a structure of BPPSs was changed by the decrease of VFs,
higher airflow velocity passing through the structure at causing some of the local thin-walled structures in high
the same Re (Figure 12B–E). As the air velocity increased VFs BPPSs to transform into new necks in low VFs
with improving Re, the vortices were formed at the BPPSs (Figure 12B and C). The new necks connected the
trailing edge of the local structures (Figure 12B–E), originally independent cavities and increased the number
which enhanced heat transfer performance by the of flow paths, as shown in the red frame comparison
enhancement of fluid mixing [63,64] . BPPSs with lower between BPPS-40% and BPPS-45% (Figure 12B and C).
VFs exhibited more vortices than those with higher This further improved the fluid mixing and heat transfer
VFs due to more complex flow paths and higher air performance of BPPSs with high VFs. The trend of fluid

Volume 9 Issue 6 (2023) 425 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1011