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Exponential stability for higher-order impulsive fractional neutral stochastic integro-delay . . .

            model with derivative in time replaced by frac-   in. 32  Our primary objective in this research is
            tional derivative performs better than the model  to provide a set of suitable constraints for the
            with fBm. From the application viewpoint, lim-    existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to a
            itation on Gaussian noise is unsuitable to model  general class of abstract fractional second-order
            and consequently to deal these situations, one can  nonlocal stochastic equations driven by fBm. Em-
            exchange Gaussian noise by Poisson random mea-    ploying fixed point approach and semigroup con-
            sure. For instance, the model of river pollution is  cepts, we establish the solutions for stochastic
            studied by Hausenblas and Marchis, in which the   system.
            number of deposits on a bounded region of the
            river at infinitesimal length is dη, where η is the
                                                              The succeeding points summarized the following
            distance coordinate along the river that behaves
                                                              key ideas of this manuscript.
            according to the Poisson process.
                                                                 (1) FNSIDEs with impulsive noises driven by
            In various disciplines of industrial research, SDEs
                                                                     fBm is considered in infinite dimensional
            are among the most useful tools for modeling sys-
                                                                     space in stochastic settings.
            tems with stochastic disturbances. It can be used
                                                                 (2) The existence result is obtained by us-
            in a variety of fields, including population dy-
                                                                     ing the generalized fractional derivative
            namics, ecology, biology, engineering, and finance.      namely (Caputo fractional derivative),
            For fundamental concepts of SDEs see. 9,10,13–15,24
                                                                     Banach fixed point theorem (BFPT) and
            Moreover, numerous authors employed stochastic
                                                                     assumptions on non-linear terms.
            techniques and fixed point approach to investigate   (3) Exponential stability of FNSIDEs with
            the qualitative behaviors of SDEs, see 20,25,26  and
                                                                     impulsive noises driven by fBm is ana-
            references therein.
                                                                     lyzed.
            These equations play a crucial role in character-    (4) An example is demonstrated to validate
            izing many physical, biological, and engineering         the obtained theories.
            problems. They are essential from the viewpoint
            of applications since they incorporate randomness
                                                              The article is summarized follows. Preliminaries
            into the mathematical description of the phenom-
                                                              are introduced in section 2. Section 3 presents
            ena and provide a more accurate description of
                                                              a new integral inequality that improves on the
            it. Therefore, the theory of SDEs has developed                                          33
                                                              impulsive integral inequality reported in.  Then,
            quickly, and the investigation for SDEs has at-
                                                              using the new integral inequality, we verify the
            tracted considerable attention.
                                                              stability of second-order FNSIDEs with impulses
                                                              driven by fBm under nonlocal conditions. In sec-
            The stability theory of SDEs has been popularly   tion 4, we provide an example to demonstrate the
            applied in various sciences and technology fields.  use of our findings. The paper ends with conclu-
            Using different techniques, many authors have     sion section 5.
            studied the stability results of mild solutions for
            SDEs. However, in addition to stochastic effects,  Difficulty:
            impulsive effects likewise exist in natural systems.
            Many dynamical systems have variable structures      (1) The main difficulty in dealing with ex-
            subject to abrupt stochastic changes, which may          ponential stability of mild solutions for
            result from sudden phenomena such as stochastic          impulsive stochastic differential equations
            failures and repairs of the components, changes          with delays comes from impulsive effects
            in the interconnections of subsystems, sudden en-        on the system.
            vironment changes, etc. Therefore, it is necessary   (2) Besides it should be pointed out that
            to consider the existence, uniqueness, and other         many methods used frequently fail to con-
            quantitative and qualitative properties of solu-         sider the exponential stability of mild so-
            tions to stochastic systems with impulsive effects.      lution for impulsive stochastic differen-
            In light of recent developments in the theory of         tial equation with delays; for example the
            SDEs, it is becoming challenging to ignore the           comparison theorem, Gronwall inequality,
            existence of impulsive effects. Therefore several        analytic technique are ineffective in deal-
            studies have documented the impact of impulses           ing with this kind of problems which do
            in studying the SDEs driven by fBm see. 27–31            not have stochastic differentials.
                                                                 (3) Therefore, by using impulsive integral in-
            The outcomes of this work was inspired by recent         equality techniques, we explore the expo-
            work 22  and the second-order FSDEs investigated         nential stability of such problem.
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