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Innovative Medicines & Omics Fermentation in dermatology

action was accompanied by an increase in type I collagen the composition moisturizes the skin, improves elasticity,
synthesis and a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-1 enhances skin tone, and provides antioxidant benefits.
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activity. Moreover, FBG has skin-whitening qualities as it Moreover, an extract of Zanthoxylum schinifolium, fermented
inhibits tyrosinase, reduces melanogenesis, and decreases with L. rhamnosus A6-5, showed greater antibacterial activity
dihydroxyphenylalanine oxidation. 13 than raw extract when tested against Propionibacterium
acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Similarly, fermented
The flower petal extract of Magnolia denudate,
fermented by Pediococcus acidilactici, exhibits antioxidant blueberry fruit extract demonstrated antibacterial activity
against Brevibacterium linens, P. acnes, Bacillus cereus, and
and anti-cancer properties. The concentration of the S. epidermidis when fermented with particular probiotic
fermented extract is 3 times higher than its non-fermented
counterpart. Moreover, the radical-scavenging activity bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and L. brevis) and yeast
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of fermented M. denudate against 1,1-diphenyl-2- (Starmerella bombicola) isolated from fermented starfish.
picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) increased from 85.1% to 91.4%, 2.2. Production of acids through fermentation for
depending on the duration of fermentation. 14 skin care
Fermented organic Oryza sativa L. (indica rice In the cosmetics industry, fermented acids are gaining
bran) has emerged as a key ingredient in skincare attention by combining innovative and traditional
products, offering hydration, brightening, and anti- methods to improve skincare regimens. Fermented acids
wrinkle benefits. Its effects are comparable to Pitera – a are produced through fermentation, breaking down
naturally occurring byproduct of sake lees fermentation natural substances into smaller, more potent molecules.
– but it is free from alcohol-related irritation, making This increases the concentration of active chemicals and
it highly effective for sensitive skin. It is fermented improves bioavailability, allowing them to penetrate the
in a clean, safe environment by lactic acid bacteria. skin more deeply. Fermented acids have many advantages,
In terms of anti-oxidative properties, a 100.0 mg/mL including the capability to maintain the skin’s microbiota.
bran fermentation solution demonstrates 71.4% higher These compounds assist in minimizing acne, reduce
DPPH radical-scavenging activity than Vitamin C at inflammation, and relieve skin problems such as rosacea
the same concentration and chelate Fe ions 79.0% and eczema by maintaining a healthy balance of bacteria
2+
more effectively than ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. on the skin. Furthermore, the high antioxidant content
Moreover, the superoxide anion-scavenging capacity of of fermented acids shields the skin from ultraviolet (UV)
10.0 mg/mL bran fermentation solution was 42.9% higher rays and free radical damage. Moreover, the fermentation
than butylated hydroxytoluene at the same dosage. The frequently yields novel, health-promoting compounds,
bran fermentation solution also inhibits the formation of including vitamins, peptides, and amino acids that
dopachrome, a melanin intermediate, in a concentration- improve the skin’s overall appearance and health. These
dependent manner, with higher concentrations providing components greatly complement any skincare routine
greater inhibition. The IC of the bran fermentation since they increase moisture retention, boost collagen
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solution and arbutin were 9.23 mg/mL and 0.52 mg/mL, production, and improve skin texture. 19
respectively. Fermented unpolished black rice (FUBRS), Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan widely
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processed using a mixture of microbes isolated from distributed in humans and other mammalian tissues.
loog-pang, demonstrates superior capacity to reduce It has numerous applications in both the medical and
melanin concentration in melanoma cells. In addition, cosmetic industries, however, it excels as a humectant due
it prevents melanogenesis in other melanoma cells by to its capacity to form viscoelastic hydrogels in aqueous
phosphorylating AKT, ERK, and p38. The marked decline solutions, making it an ideal ingredient as a natural
in intracellular tyrosinase activity is in line with melanin skincare moisturizer. The low yield of this polysaccharide
reduction activity. The human fibroblast and melanoma when extracted from animal sources (such as rooster
cell lines are not cytotoxically affected by FUBRS. In combs) was a key factor that prompted the commercial
addition, it decreases the expression levels of tyrosinase, release of the biotechnologically produced version. Gram-
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP-1), TYRP-2, and positive endotoxins and proteins present in the membrane
microphthalmia-associated transcription factors in both of the Streptococcus strain used to produce high molecular
transcript and protein levels. 16
weight HA are potentially hazardous substances and must
A fermented extract of soybean, fermented with Bacillus be removed through a sequence of filtration processes.
bacterium and processed into a dry powder form, provides These laborious purification steps are avoided by using
the skin with essential nutrients. By incorporating skin- recombinant Bacillus subtilis, which secretes HA into a
aging inhibitors and whitening agents as active ingredients, fermentation medium. The medium is then sprayed and

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2025) 22 doi: 10.36922/imo.5020