Page 38 - ITPS-6-2

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Residual versus curative antimalarial tests

Table 9. In vivo repository antimalarial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of Nauclea latifolia in Plasmodium
berghei‑infected mice
Plant part Extract Dose D Parasite D chemoprophylaxis D parasite D chemoprophylaxis Mean survival
6
8
8
6
(mg/kg) density (%) (%) density (%) (%) time (days)
Leaves H O 100 5.02±1.34* 54.78 28.84±1.83* 45.39 12.25±2.06
2
250 6.00±1.14* 45.92 29.94±4.26* 43.3 12.25±2.06
400 9.44±3.45 14.92 48.60±1.94 7.97 11.50±1.73
Positive Chloroquine 5 8.76±2.47 21.02 52.98±3.51 −0.32 12.25±2.06
control
Negative Distilled H O 0.2 mL 11.10±4.99 0.00 52.81±2.54 0.00 10.75±0.5
2
control
Leaves Organic 100 7.63±2.05* 33.04 47.78±3.50 27.22 11.50±1.73
250 4.89±3.98* 57.1 35.20±3.02* 46.38 10.25±0.5
400 7.60±4.40* 33.3 48.44±4.90 26.21 12.75±2.75
Positive Chloroquine 5 9.85±1.89 13.56 63.64±1.74 3.06 12.50±2.38
control
Negative Tween 80 0.2 mL 11.39±0.75 0.00 66.65±3.57 0.00 11.25±1.89
control
Stem bark H O 100 8.72±3.72 21.23 42.56±1.84 19.41 11.67±2.08
2
250 4.27±2.27* 61.51 26.32±0.56* 50.16 13.25±2.22
400 4.01±1.52* 63.9 26.22±2.74* 50.35 12.67±2.31
Positive Chloroquine 5 8.76±2.47 21.02 49.16±1.48 6.9 11.67±2.08
control
Negative Distilled H O 0.2 mL 11.10±4.99 0.00 52.81±1.56 0.00 10.75±0.5
2
control
Stem bark Organic 100 7.32±2.85 24.5 58.90±2.41 2.21 10.40±0.55
250 7.64±2.87 21.13 48.61±2.89 19.30 11.00±1.73
400 1.78±1.90* 81.69 30.40±2.56* 49.53 11.40±1.67
Positive Chloroquine 5 7.34±4.62 24.25 67.48±3.28 −12.02 10.50±0.45
control
Negative Tween 80 0.2 mL 9.69±3.28 0.00 60.23±3.93 0.00 11.25±1.89
control
Notes: *Indicates significant difference from control, P≤0.05. Chemosuppression: ≥60%, high activity; 30 – 60%, moderate activity; <30%, weak
activity; 0%, inactivity .
[13]
activity of N. latifolia, L. inermis, T. diversifolia, C. odorata, chemoprophylaxis against parasitemia in mice and the
and M. lucida. The evaluation was conducted both before MST of the animals. The in vivo antimalarial activity of
the establishment of infection and after using P. berghei, the extracts exhibited a significant difference in parasite
which causes a disease similar to human plasmodium density reduction and survival days (P < 0.05) between
infections . the extract-treated groups and the group treated with
[27]
The antiplasmodial activities varied depending on the vehicle (negative control). The observed reduction in
the type of plant, plant part, method of extraction, and parasitemia in the treated groups, compared to the negative
parasite. Earlier researchers have reported the antimalarial control groups, indicates the antimalarial potential of the
activities of these plants, although they were tested using extracts.
different methods [13,28-36] . However, there was a difference In this study, it was observed that the extracts M. lucida
in the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of the extracts, with generally exhibited between moderate and weak activity
aqueous extracts appearing to be more effective than in the tests, despite being reported as one of the five most
organic extracts. frequently used antimalarial herbs in folk medicine,
In this study, the efficacy of the extracts was measured especially in South-west Nigeria [36,37] . The moderate activity
based on the percentage of chemo suppressions/ of M. lucida against P. falciparum was also observed in

Volume 6 Issue 2 (2023) 11 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.0300