Page 34 - ITPS-6-2

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Residual versus curative antimalarial tests

Table 3. In vivo curative antimalarial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of Morinda lucida in Plasmodium
berghei‑infected mice
Plant part Extract Dose (mg/kg) Parasite density (%) Chemosuppression (%) Mean survival time (days)
Leaves H O 100 76.70±3.37 −11.45 10.20±1.64
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250 55.98±0.41 18.66 9.40±1.52
400 77.89±2.00 −13.17 10.60±1.95
Positive control Chloroquine 5 2.01±1.75* 97.08 18.20±4.82*
Negative control Distilled H O 0.2 mL 68.83±3.68 0.00 11.20±2.75
2
Leaves Organic 100 81.93±1.45 −7.70 9.0±1.87
250 74.08±2.24 2.61 8.60±1.34
400 65.13±1.5 14.38 9.75±4.19
Positive control Chloroquine 5 6.24±0.66* 91.80 14.8±2.59*
Negative control Tween 80 0.2L 76.07±0 0.00 9.8±2.68
Stem bark H O 100 49.67±2.54* 43.45 9.40±2.19
2
250 80.86±0.46 7.93 8.00±0.00
400 68.79±22.75 21.67 9.00±1.87
Positive control Chloroquine 5 0.96±1.17* 98.91 14.20±4.09*
Negative control Distilled H O 0.2 mL 87.82±8.67 0.00 8.20±1.64
2
Stem bark Organic 100 N/A 17.79 7.20±1.10
250 81.35±2.77 0.55 8.20±1.64
400 28.88±7.51* 51.14 8.00±0
Positive control Chloroquine 5 1.06±0.80* 98.71 11.80±1.30*
Negative control Tween 80 0.2 mL 81.79±13.42 0.00 7.80±0.45
Notes: *Indicates significant difference from control, P≤0.05. Chemosuppression: ≥60%, high activity; 30 – 60%, moderate activity; <30%, weak
activity; 0%, inactivity .
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found to be dose-dependent. Among the L. inermis-treated activity, 21 showing weak activity, and 5 being inactive
groups, the highest MST recorded was 10.50 ± 2.3 days, (Tables 8-12). Although the survival time in most of the
while the positive and negative control groups had MST experimental groups was higher than that of the negative
of 14.80 ± 2.95 and 9.00 ± 0.00 days, respectively (Table 6). controls, the differences were not statistically significant (P
< 0.05) (Figure 3). In contrast to the suppressive and curative
3.2.1.5 C. odorata
tests, chloroquine did not demonstrate a high percentage
C. odorata exhibited activity ranging from weak and chemoprophylaxis (PCP). Its activity ranged from weak to
moderate. In the 400 mg/kg group of the aqueous extract, inactive on D , which was reflected in the survival days of
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most of the mice died before the end of the experiment the group. Aqueous extracts exhibited better antimalarial
(Table 7). The MST in the C. odorata-treated P. berghei- prophylactic properties, with 2 out of the 21 doses showing
infected mice ranged from 8.00 ± 0 to 10.50 ± 1.75 days, high activity, 12 being moderate, and 7 displaying weak
while the positive and negative control groups had MST activity. On the other hand, the DCM-MeOH (1:1) extracts
between 14.67 ± 1.15 to 14.80 ± 2.95 days and 8.00 ± 0.0 to showed a dose with high activity, 7 with moderate activity,
8.67 ± 0.58 days, respectively (Table 7). 10 with weak activity, and 3 without activity (Figure 3). The
activities elicited by selected medicinal plants are further
3.2.2 Repository test results elaborated below.
The residual antimalarial effects of the extracts were
assessed on day 7 (D ) and 9 (D ) of the experiments. On 3.2.2.1 M. lucida
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D , out of the 42 experimental groups (21 aqueous and On D , both the DCM-MeOH (1:1) and aqueous leaf
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21 DCM-MeOH : ), 3 groups exhibited high activity extracts of M. lucida displayed activity ranging from weak
[1 1]
(PCS>60%), 19 showed moderate activity, 17 groups had (PCP = 18%) to moderate (PCP = 41.05%). While the
weak activity, and 3 were inactive. However, on D , the activity of the DCM-MeOH (1:1) extract groups decreased
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activities decreased, with 16 groups displaying moderate on D , the activity of the aqueous extract groups increased,
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Volume 6 Issue 2 (2023) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.0300