Page 37 - ITPS-6-2

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Residual versus curative antimalarial tests

Table 8. In vivo repository antimalarial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of Morinda lucida in Plasmodium
berghei‑infected mice
Plant part Extract Dose D Parasite D Chemoprophylaxis D Parasite D Chemoprophylaxis Mean survival
8
8
6
6
(mg/kg) density (%) (%) density (%) (%) time (days)
Leaves H O 100 7.18±1.09* 35.33 31.70±4.68* 39.96 11.25±1.89
2
250 8.97±3.14 19.12 41.05±0.86 22.27 10.75±0.5
400 6.54±0.48* 41.05 27.50±4.95* 47.92 12.50±1.73
Positive control Chloroquine 5 8.76±2.47 21.02 52.98±3.51 −0.32 12.25±2.06
Negative control Distilled H O 0.2 mL 11.10±4.99 0.00 52.81±3.53 0.00 10.75±0.5
2
Leaves Organic 100 7.90±2.70 18.46 53.84±4.45 9.87 11.0±1.73
250 7.57±1.57 21.9 52.73±2.74 11.72 11.40±3.21
400 7.05±1.69 27.26 48.21±5.25 19.3 11.20±1.64
Positive control Chloroquine 5 7.34±4.62 24.25 67.48±3.28 −12.97 10.80±0.45
Negative control Tween 80 0.2 mL 9.69±3.28 0.00 59.73±3.14 0.00 11.25±1.89
Stem bark H O 100 3.84±0.69* 39.36 38.15±2.88 20.19 10.0±0.82
2
250 3.47±1.30* 45.26 37.56±1.15 21.42 10.33±0.58
400 2.82±0.72* 55.52 32.48±2.97* 32.06 10.75±0.96
Positive control Chloroquine 5 4.40±1.05* 30.52 42.77±4.56 10.53 10.75±0.96
Negative control Distilled H O 0.2 mL 6.33±1.30 0.00 47.80±2.42 0.00 10.50±1.00
2
Stem bark Organic 100 13.45±3.51 −18.12 60.07±6.30 −0.88 11.75±2.87
250 12.09±6.71 −6.1 66.60±2.57 −11.86 10.25±0.5
400 13.49±2.49 −18.44 82.85±1.74 −39.14 10.33±0.58
Positive control Chloroquine 5 9.85±1.89 13.56 58.34±4.71 2.02 12.50±2.38
Negative control Tween 80 0.2 mL 11.39±0.75 0.00 59.54±3.56 0.00 11.25±1.89
Notes: *Indicates significant difference from control, P≤0.05. Chemosuppression: ≥60%, high activity; 30 – 60%, moderate activity; <30%, weak
activity; 0%, inactivity .
[13]
insignificant increase (P > 0.05) (Table 11). The MST in (curative test). This is observed in all the extracts tested in
L. inermis-treated group ranged from 10.50 ± 0.58 to 12.00 Figure 4.
± 1.83 days, while the positive and negative control groups
had MST ranging from 10.75 ± 0.96 to 12.20 ± 1.64 days 4 Discussion
and 10.50 ± 1.00 to 11.60 ± 0.55 days, respectively. The ethnobotanical survey conducted in Omu-Aran
showed that a variety of medicinal plants are traditionally
3.2.2.5 C. odorata
used in the community for treating malaria. These plants
On D , the extracts of C. odorata extracts exhibited are mostly consumed orally in the form of decoction.
7
prophylactic activity ranging from weak (13.57%) to Thirty-one species from 24 plant families were documented
moderate (56.21%), with the DCM-MeOH (1:1) extract during the survey conducted in this study, indicating
groups showing better activity (Table 12). The MST ranged the relevance of the medicinal flora in the day-to-day
from 10.00 ± 0.82 to 12.60 ± 2.19 days for the mice treated management of malaria in the area. Furthermore, most
with C. odorata extracts. The positive and negative control of the mentioned medicinal plants have been reported
groups had MST ranging from 10.75 ± 0.96 to 12.20 ± in other parts of Nigeria and Africa, and studies have
1.64 days and 10.50 ± 1.00 to 11.60 ± 0.55 days, respectively investigated their efficacy, yielding positive results. This
(Table 12). confirms the validity of the gathered information [25,26] .
In the traditional medicine system, certain herbal
3.2.3 Comparisons of curative and repository test medicines are usually used for prevention before the
results
onset of disease, while others are used after an infection
Generally, better in vivo antiplasmodial activity was has already occurred. It is noteworthy that the same
observed when extracts were administered before infection plants often serve both preventive and curative purposes.
(Repository test) than after the establishment of infection Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimalarial

Volume 6 Issue 2 (2023) 10 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.0300