Page 39 - ITPS-6-2

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Residual versus curative antimalarial tests

Table 10. In vivo repository antimalarial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of Tithonia diversifolia in Plasmodium
berghei‑infected mice
Plant part Extract Dose D Parasite D Chemoprophylaxis D Parasite D Chemoprophylaxis Mean survival
6
6
8
8
(mg/kg) density (%) (%) density (%) (%) time (%)
Leaves H O 100 3.81±0.61* 30.65 34.22±2.71 10.96 14.4±1.67
2
250 2.50±1.16* 54.59 25.12±4.38* 34.64 12.2±4.09
400 3.31±3.00* 39.73 26.88±0.99* 30.06 15.0±3.08
Positive Chloroquine 5 3.32±0.63* 39.61 41.40±5.45 −7.74 12.0±4.69
control
Negative Distilled 0.2 mL 5.50±1.48 0.00 38.43±3.18 0.00 12.2±1.79
control H O
2
Leaves Organic 100 4.45±2.25* 33.78 36.0±2.19* 32.97 13.75±3.86
250 5.75±1.39 14.51 48.47±4.80 9.76 10.25±0.50
400 6.10±0.67 9.3 39.76±3.44 25.97 12.50±1.73
Positive Chloroquine 5 6.46±2.85 3.92 46.84±4.98 12.79 10.75±0.50
control
Negative Tween 80 0.2 mL 6.72±1.47 0.00 53.71±1.92 0.00 10.75±0.50
control
Notes: *Indicates significant difference from control, P≤0.05. Chemosuppression: ≥60%, high activity; 30 – 60%, moderate activity; <30%, weak
activity; 0%, inactivity .
[13]
Table 11. In vivo repository antimalarial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of Lawsonia inermis in Plasmodium
berghei‑infected mice

Plant part Extract Dose D parasite D Chemoprophylaxis D Parasite D Chemoprophylaxis Mean survival
6
6
8
8
(mg/kg) density (%) (%) density (%) (%) time (%)
Leaves H O 100 5.36±1.79 15.41 38.33±1.58 19.81 12.00±1.83
2
250 5.47±0.98 13.57 47.40±2.40 0.85 10.50±0.58
400 4.13±1.27* 34.78 35.18±7.64 26.41 10.50±1.73
Positive Chloroquine 5 4.40±1.05* 30.52 42.77±4.56 10.53 10.75±0.96
control
Negative Distilled H O 0.2 mL 6.33±1.30 0.00 47.80±2.42 0.00 10.50±1.00
2
control
Leaves Organic 100 8.11±1.71 4.65 38.29±1.84 15.68 12.00±1.73
250 5.84±2.57* 31.35 26.99±2.63* 40.57 11.80±1.79
400 7.86±1.69 27.26 29.97±0.68* 34.01 11.60±1.95
Positive Chloroquine 5 5.87±1.59* 30.92 38.53±5.11 15.15 12.20±1.64
control
Negative Tween 80 0.2 mL 8.50±1.00 0.00 45.41±3.07 0.00 11.60±0.55
control
Notes: *Indicates significant difference from control, P≤0.05. Chemosuppression: ≥60%, high activity; 30 – 60%, moderate activity; <30%, weak
[13]
activity; 0%, inactivity .
the unpublished work by Makinde and colleagues, cited The leaves and stem bark of N. latifolia demonstrated
in . This study demonstrated an interplay between host relatively good activity in this study, particularly in the
[38]
immunity and the activity of M. lucida. In adults, M. lucida repository test. The aqueous stem bark extract exhibited
(leaves extract) showed 100% parasite clearance, whereas high activity at 250 and 400 mg/kg, while the organic
no such clearance was observed in children, who have a less extract showed high activity at 400 mg/kg. Earlier studies
well-developed immune response. Meanwhile, children conducting preliminary phytochemical screening of
are the group at greatest risk of mortality, making efficacy the leaf and stem bark extracts of this plant reported
particularly important in this population. the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids,

Volume 6 Issue 2 (2023) 12 https://doi.org/10.36922/itps.0300