Page 16 - ITPS-8-2

INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences AMPK in metabolism, energy and aging

of AMPK by some compounds does not improve sports of exercise: Implications for human health and disease.
performance, as the outcomes depend on various factors, Biochem J. 2009;418:261-275.
such as the type of physical activity (aerobic or anaerobic) doi: 10.1042/BJ20082055
and its intensity.
5. Kim J, Yang G, Kim Y, Kim J, Ha J. AMPK activators:
Future studies are essential for evaluating the impacts Mechanisms of action and physiological activities. Exp Mol
of AMPK-activating substances on sports performance, Med. 2016;48:e224.
with particular attention to their mechanism of action and doi: 10.1038/emm.2016.16
physiological outcomes. An additional critical consideration
is the development of isoform-specific AMPK activators 6. Hardie DG, Ross FA, Hawley SA. AMPK: A nutrient and
to ensure targeted effects and minimize potential adverse energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis. Nat Rev
consequences. Until such advancements are achieved, Mol Cell Biol. 2012;13:251-262.
regulatory frameworks, including “The Prohibited List” doi: 10.1038/nrm3311
remain pertinent and subject to ongoing updates. 7. Ren Y, Shen HM. Critical role of AMPK in redox regulation
under glucose starvation. Redox Biol. 2019;25:101154.
Acknowledgments
doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101154
None.
8. Willows R, Navaratnam N, Lima A, Read J, Carling D. Effect
Funding of different γ-subunit isoforms on the regulation of AMPK.
Biochem J. 2017;474:1741-1754.
None.
doi: 10.1042/BCJ20170046
Conflict of interest 9. Ross FA, Jensen TE, Hardie DG. Differential regulation by

The author declares has no competing interests. AMP and ADP of AMPK complexes containing different γ
subunit isoforms. Biochem J. 2016;473:189-199.
Author contributions doi: 10.1042/BJ20150910

This is a single-authored article. 10. Zhang CS, Lin SC. AMPK promotes autophagy by facilitating
mitochondrial fission. Cell Metab. 2016;23:399-401.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.02.017
Not applicable. 11. Lin SC, Hardie DG. AMPK: Sensing glucose as well as

Consent for publication cellular energy status. Cell Metab. 2018;27:299-313.
doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.009
Not applicable.
12. Ježek J, Cooper KF, Strich R. Reactive oxygen species and
Availability of data mitochondrial dynamics: The Yin and Yang of mitochondrial
dysfunction and cancer progression. Antioxidants (Basel).
Not applicable. 2018;7:13.

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