Page 67 - MSAM-4-1

Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing In situ electromagnetic field manipulation during LMD

of the molten pool and the amount of powder falling 3.2. Temperature and flow field analysis of the
into the molten pool are both reduced. Both the width molten pool
and height of the deposition layers increased with slight The numerical simulation of the coupled in situ manipulated
increases in electromagnetic intensity. The aggregation LMD layer is conducted under the electromagnetic
effect on the powder appears as the electromagnetic intensity of sample EM-1. The simulation results were
intensity constantly increases, resulting in more powder
falling into the molten pool. In addition, a further increase compared and analyzed against the numerical simulation
in the width and height of the deposition layer can be results of the LMD layer without electromagnetic
observed. The depth of the molten pool depends on the assistance. Figure 4 displays the temperature distribution
internal flow toward the bottom and associated heat of single-track deposition layers of samples EM-0 and
transfer. The inhibitory effect on molten pool flow and EM-1 at different times. The highest temperature of the
heat transfer becomes stronger as the electromagnetic molten pool is increased from 2708 K for sample EM-0
intensity increases. to 2717 K for sample EM-1. The high temperature flows
from the center of the laser beam toward the periphery,

Table 4. Geometric dimensions of the deposition layers of and the heat is transferred to the surroundings during the
the samples LMD process. The inhibitory effect on heat transfer by
electromagnetic field promotes the highest temperature
Sample Height Width Depth increase in the molten pool.
number (mm) (mm) (mm)
EM-0 1.16 4.11 0.77 Figure 5 displays the velocity distribution vectors
in the molten pool at different times for samples EM-0
EM-1 0.92 3.46 0.75 and EM-1. The more regular and orderly velocity vector
EM-2 0.95 3.61 0.72 distributed on the top surface can be found for sample
EM-3 0.99 3.67 0.70 EM-0 (Figure 5A and D), with the melt flowing from the

A B

Figure 4. Numerical simulation of in situ manipulated laser melting deposition layers of samples at different times: (A) EM-0 and (B) EM-1

Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025) 8 doi: 10.36922/msam.8332